Categories KansasState Regulations and Laws

Migrant/Refugee Housing in Kansas

1. What are the main challenges faced by migrants and refugees in finding suitable housing in Kansas?

Migrants and refugees in Kansas face several challenges in finding suitable housing, including:

1. Limited affordable housing options: Many migrants and refugees may struggle to find affordable housing due to limited availability and high rental costs in certain areas of Kansas.

2. Language and cultural barriers: Migrants and refugees may face difficulties in communicating with landlords, understanding rental agreements, and navigating the rental process due to language barriers and cultural differences.

3. Discrimination and housing insecurity: Some migrants and refugees may experience discrimination based on their immigrant status or ethnicity, making it harder for them to secure housing. Additionally, the uncertain nature of their temporary protected status can contribute to housing instability.

4. Lack of access to housing assistance programs: Migrants and refugees with temporary protected status may not be eligible for certain housing assistance programs, further limiting their options for finding suitable housing in Kansas.

Overall, addressing these challenges requires a comprehensive approach that includes increasing affordable housing options, providing language and cultural support services, combatting discrimination, and ensuring that migrants and refugees have access to the housing assistance they need to thrive in Kansas.

2. What types of housing options are available for migrants and refugees in Kansas?

1. As an expert in Temporary Protected Status, I can provide insights into the types of housing options available for migrants and refugees in Kansas. Migrants and refugees in Kansas have several housing options available to them, including:

– Refugee Resettlement Program: Migrants and refugees may be eligible for housing assistance through the Refugee Resettlement Program, which helps newly arrived refugees find housing in safe and affordable neighborhoods.

– Rental Assistance Programs: There are various rental assistance programs available in Kansas that provide financial support to migrants and refugees to help them secure housing in the state.

– Nonprofit Organizations: Nonprofit organizations in Kansas often provide support to migrants and refugees in finding housing options, such as transitional housing or temporary shelters.

– Affordable Housing Programs: Migrants and refugees may also qualify for affordable housing programs in Kansas, which offer reduced rents and housing options for individuals with limited income.

Overall, migrants and refugees in Kansas have access to a range of housing options through government programs, nonprofit organizations, and affordable housing initiatives to help them establish stable living arrangements in the state.

3. Are there specific programs or organizations in Kansas that assist migrants and refugees with housing needs?

Yes, there are specific programs and organizations in Kansas that assist migrants and refugees with housing needs. Some of these include:
1. The International Rescue Committee (IRC) in Kansas City provides housing assistance to newly arrived refugees by offering temporary accommodations, helping them secure permanent housing, and providing resources for rental assistance.
2. Catholic Charities of Northeast Kansas operates a Refugee Housing Program that assists refugees in finding safe and affordable housing options.
3. The Kansas Department for Children and Families (DCF) Refugee Services program also offers support with housing needs for refugees in the state.

These organizations work to support migrants and refugees in accessing housing resources and navigating the challenges of finding suitable accommodations in their new communities.

4. How does the cost of housing in Kansas impact migrants and refugees?

The cost of housing in Kansas can have a significant impact on migrants and refugees residing in the state.

1. Affordability: The high cost of housing in certain areas of Kansas may pose challenges for migrants and refugees who may already be facing financial constraints. Limited financial resources can make it difficult for them to find suitable housing options that are both affordable and meet their needs.

2. Availability: The housing market in Kansas may also face issues of availability, especially in urban areas with higher demand. This scarcity of housing options can lead to increased competition and potentially inflated prices, making it harder for migrants and refugees to secure housing.

3. Quality: Migrants and refugees may also encounter issues related to the quality of housing available to them. Affordable housing options may be in poor condition, lacking basic amenities or in need of repairs, which can affect the overall well-being and living standards of individuals and families.

4. Social integration: The cost of housing can also impact the social integration of migrants and refugees in Kansas. Higher housing costs may force individuals to live in more isolated or marginalized communities, making it challenging to build connections and fully participate in the local community.

Overall, the cost of housing in Kansas can act as a barrier for migrants and refugees, affecting their financial stability, living conditions, and social integration in the state. Addressing these challenges through affordable housing initiatives and support programs can help improve the well-being and successful integration of migrants and refugees in Kansas.

5. What are the rights and protections for migrants and refugees in Kansas when it comes to housing?

1. In Kansas, migrants and refugees who have Temporary Protected Status (TPS) have certain rights and protections when it comes to housing. These individuals are protected against discrimination in housing based on their immigration status, national origin, or any other protected characteristic under the Fair Housing Act. Landlords are prohibited from refusing to rent or sell to someone with TPS solely based on their immigration status. Additionally, TPS holders have the right to a safe and habitable living environment, free from any form of harassment or retaliation from landlords.

2. Kansas also has laws in place that protect tenants, regardless of their immigration status. For example, tenants have the right to live in a property that meets basic health and safety standards, and landlords are responsible for making necessary repairs to ensure the property remains in compliance with these standards. Tenants also have the right to privacy and cannot be unlawfully evicted without proper legal procedures being followed.

3. It’s important for migrants and refugees with TPS in Kansas to be aware of their rights and protections when it comes to housing. If they believe their rights have been violated, they should seek assistance from legal aid organizations, immigrant advocacy groups, or housing agencies that can provide guidance and support in enforcing these rights. By understanding and asserting their rights, migrants and refugees in Kansas can help ensure they have access to safe and fair housing opportunities.

6. How does language and cultural barriers affect access to housing for migrants and refugees in Kansas?

Language and cultural barriers can significantly impact access to housing for migrants and refugees in Kansas in several ways:

1. Communication: Language barriers can make it difficult for migrants and refugees to effectively communicate with landlords, property managers, and real estate agents, leading to misunderstandings and potential discrimination.

2. Understanding rental agreements: Without proficiency in English or knowledge of local housing laws and customs, migrants and refugees may struggle to comprehend rental agreements, lease terms, and their rights as tenants, putting them at risk of exploitation or eviction.

3. Access to housing resources: Limited language skills can hinder migrants and refugees from accessing information about available housing options, government assistance programs, and housing rights, further exacerbating their housing insecurity.

4. Discrimination: Cultural differences and biases may lead to discrimination by landlords or neighbors, making it challenging for migrants and refugees to secure safe and affordable housing in certain neighborhoods or communities.

Overall, addressing language and cultural barriers through language assistance programs, cultural competency training for housing providers, and community outreach initiatives is essential to ensuring equal access to housing for migrants and refugees in Kansas.

7. Are there any specific initiatives or policies aimed at improving housing conditions for migrants and refugees in Kansas?

In Kansas, there are several initiatives and policies aimed at improving housing conditions for migrants and refugees, including those with Temporary Protected Status (TPS). Here are some key points:

1. Affordable Housing Programs: Various affordable housing programs are available in Kansas to assist migrants and refugees in securing safe and stable housing. These programs may include rental assistance, affordable housing developments, and housing vouchers to help individuals access suitable housing options.

2. Nonprofit Organizations: Nonprofit organizations in Kansas work to improve housing conditions for migrants and refugees by providing support services, housing counseling, and advocacy for fair and equitable housing policies. These organizations partner with local communities, government agencies, and other stakeholders to address housing challenges faced by vulnerable populations.

3. Legal Assistance: Legal aid organizations in Kansas offer support to migrants and refugees with TPS who may be facing housing discrimination or eviction threats. These services help individuals understand their rights, navigate housing regulations, and address any legal issues related to housing instability.

4. Cultural Competency Training: Housing providers and landlords in Kansas may undergo cultural competency training to better understand the unique needs and challenges faced by migrants and refugees. By promoting cultural sensitivity and awareness, these initiatives aim to create more inclusive and welcoming housing environments for all residents.

Overall, these initiatives and policies work together to promote access to safe, affordable, and sustainable housing for migrants and refugees in Kansas, including those with Temporary Protected Status. By addressing housing disparities and implementing supportive measures, Kansas strives to create a more inclusive and equitable housing landscape for all residents.

8. What are the common housing standards and regulations that apply to migrant and refugee housing in Kansas?

In Kansas, migrant and refugee housing must adhere to certain common housing standards and regulations to ensure safe and sanitary living conditions for individuals benefiting from Temporary Protected Status or seeking asylum. These standards typically include:

1. Housing Safety: The accommodation must meet basic safety requirements such as structural integrity to prevent collapse, proper ventilation to avoid respiratory health issues, and functioning smoke detectors to protect against fires.

2. Sanitation: Units should have adequate sanitation facilities, including clean and functional bathrooms and kitchens, to promote good hygiene and prevent the spread of diseases.

3. Occupancy Limits: There may be regulations on the maximum number of occupants allowed in a particular unit to prevent overcrowding and ensure adequate living space for everyone.

4. Building Codes: Compliance with local building codes and regulations is essential to guarantee that the housing meets structural, electrical, and plumbing standards.

5. Accessibility: Housing should be accessible to individuals with disabilities, with features such as ramps, widened doorways, and accessible restrooms as required by the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA).

6. Renting Rights: Migrant and refugee tenants have rights as renters, including protection against discrimination and the right to a safe and habitable living environment.

7. Landlord Responsibilities: Landlords are typically required to maintain the property in good repair, address any health or safety hazards promptly, and respect tenants’ privacy and rights.

8. Fair Housing Laws: Ensuring compliance with fair housing laws is crucial to prevent discrimination based on race, color, national origin, religion, sex, familial status, or disability.

By upholding these housing standards and regulations, authorities can help safeguard the well-being and dignity of migrant and refugee individuals in Kansas.

9. How do local communities in Kansas support the integration of migrants and refugees through housing assistance?

Local communities in Kansas support the integration of migrants and refugees through various housing assistance initiatives. These efforts may include:

1. Nonprofit Organizations: Nonprofit organizations in Kansas often collaborate with local governments and community members to provide affordable housing options for migrants and refugees. These organizations may offer housing assistance programs, financial support, and resources to help individuals find suitable and safe living arrangements.

2. Community Sponsorship Programs: Some local communities in Kansas have community sponsorship programs that pair migrants and refugees with local families or individuals who can provide housing assistance. This allows for a more personalized integration process and helps newcomers establish a sense of belonging in their new community.

3. Affordable Housing Initiatives: Local governments in Kansas may implement affordable housing initiatives specifically targeted towards migrants and refugees. These programs aim to address the housing needs of vulnerable populations and create stable living environments for those seeking refuge in the state.

4. Language and Cultural Support: In addition to housing assistance, local communities in Kansas also provide language and cultural support services to help migrants and refugees navigate their new living situations. By offering language classes, cultural orientation programs, and access to community resources, these initiatives promote successful integration and mutual understanding among residents.

Overall, the support of local communities in Kansas through various housing assistance initiatives plays a crucial role in helping migrants and refugees successfully integrate into their new environments, establish roots, and contribute positively to their communities.

10. What are the specific housing needs for vulnerable populations within the migrant and refugee community in Kansas?

1. Within the migrant and refugee community in Kansas, specific housing needs for vulnerable populations may include access to affordable and safe housing options. Many migrants and refugees are often low-income individuals or families, making affordability a crucial factor in securing suitable housing. Additionally, the housing must be culturally sensitive and inclusive, taking into consideration the diverse backgrounds and needs of these populations.

2. Adequate access to essential services such as healthcare, education, and social support systems is also essential for vulnerable migrants and refugees in Kansas. Housing options located close to these services can help ensure that individuals can easily access the support they require.

3. Due to the potential language barriers and lack of familiarity with the local housing market, assistance with navigating the rental process, understanding lease agreements, and accessing housing resources is vital for vulnerable populations within the migrant and refugee community in Kansas. Providing information and support in multiple languages can help bridge these gaps and empower individuals to make informed decisions about their housing situation.

4. The risk of exploitation and discrimination in the housing market is another significant concern for vulnerable migrant and refugee populations. Efforts to educate individuals about their rights as tenants, as well as advocacy for fair housing policies and practices, can help protect these communities from exploitation and ensure access to safe and dignified housing options.

Overall, addressing the specific housing needs of vulnerable populations within the migrant and refugee community in Kansas requires a comprehensive approach that considers affordability, cultural sensitivity, access to services, language support, and protection from exploitation and discrimination. Collaborative efforts involving government agencies, nonprofit organizations, community groups, and stakeholders are essential in creating a supportive housing environment for these populations.

11. How does the availability of affordable housing impact the resettlement process for migrants and refugees in Kansas?

The availability of affordable housing plays a crucial role in the successful resettlement process for migrants and refugees in Kansas.

1. Limited availability of affordable housing can pose significant challenges for migrants and refugees, as they may struggle to find suitable accommodation upon their arrival in the state. This can lead to overcrowding, insecurity, and instability, affecting their ability to integrate into their new communities.

2. Affordable housing allows migrants and refugees to establish a sense of stability and security, providing a foundation for them to rebuild their lives and start afresh in Kansas. Access to safe and affordable housing enables them to focus on other aspects of their resettlement, such as finding employment, accessing education and healthcare, and integrating into the local community.

3. Moreover, affordable housing can also facilitate social connections and support networks, as migrants and refugees are more likely to engage with their neighbors and community members when they have a stable place to call home. This social integration is essential for their overall well-being and successful integration into Kansas society.

4. In summary, the availability of affordable housing is a critical factor in the resettlement process for migrants and refugees in Kansas. By ensuring access to safe and affordable housing, policymakers, organizations, and communities can support the successful integration and long-term well-being of migrants and refugees in the state.

12. What role do landlords and property owners play in providing housing for migrants and refugees in Kansas?

Landlords and property owners play a crucial role in providing housing for migrants and refugees in Kansas. They are essential partners in the process of resettlement, as they offer the physical spaces where individuals and families can establish their new lives. It is the responsibility of landlords and property owners to ensure that housing is safe, habitable, and affordable for these vulnerable populations. In the context of Temporary Protected Status (TPS) recipients, landlords and property owners must be aware of the legal protections and rights afforded to these individuals, including access to fair housing practices and accommodation of their specific needs. Additionally, landlords and property owners can contribute to the integration of migrants and refugees into their communities by fostering a welcoming and inclusive environment within their properties.

1. Landlords and property owners should be knowledgeable about the eligibility requirements for TPS recipients to rent housing and ensure that they do not discriminate against individuals based on their immigration status.
2. Providing culturally sensitive housing accommodations can help migrants and refugees feel more comfortable and supported as they navigate their new environment.
3. Landlords and property owners can collaborate with local organizations and agencies to connect migrants and refugees with additional resources and support services, such as language classes, job training programs, and mental health services, to promote their successful integration and well-being.

13. Are there any barriers to accessing public housing or rental assistance programs for migrants and refugees in Kansas?

Barriers to accessing public housing or rental assistance programs for migrants and refugees in Kansas may include:

1. Limited availability of affordable housing: In many areas of Kansas, there is a lack of affordable housing options, which can make it difficult for migrants and refugees to find suitable accommodation.

2. Language and cultural barriers: Migrants and refugees may face challenges in navigating the application process for public housing or rental assistance programs due to language barriers or unfamiliarity with the local culture and practices.

3. Discrimination and bias: Some migrants and refugees may encounter discrimination or bias from landlords or housing agencies, which can impede their ability to secure housing assistance.

4. Documentation requirements: Migrants and refugees may struggle to provide the necessary documentation to qualify for public housing or rental assistance programs, especially if they have limitations in accessing official documents or proof of income.

5. Immigration status restrictions: Certain public housing programs may have eligibility requirements based on immigration status, which can exclude migrants and refugees with temporary or uncertain legal status, such as those with Temporary Protected Status (TPS).

Overall, addressing these barriers requires a coordinated effort from government agencies, housing providers, and community organizations to ensure that migrants and refugees in Kansas can access safe and affordable housing options.

14. How do housing conditions impact the overall well-being and integration of migrants and refugees in Kansas?

Housing conditions play a critical role in influencing the overall well-being and successful integration of migrants and refugees in Kansas in several ways:

1. Physical Health: Substandard housing conditions such as overcrowding, inadequate ventilation, lack of proper sanitation facilities, and poor access to clean water can contribute to health issues among migrants and refugees. This can lead to increased risk of infectious diseases, respiratory problems, and other health concerns, impacting their overall well-being and ability to integrate into society.

2. Mental Health: Safe and stable housing is essential for promoting mental well-being among migrants and refugees. Living in substandard or precarious housing can lead to feelings of insecurity, stress, and anxiety, which can hinder their ability to adapt to their new environment and engage in social activities.

3. Access to Services: The location and quality of housing can also affect migrants’ access to necessary services such as healthcare, education, employment opportunities, and social support networks. Housing that is located far from essential services or in areas with limited resources can create barriers to integration and overall well-being.

4. Community Integration: The type of housing migrants and refugees have access to can impact their ability to connect with the local community and build social relationships. Living in isolated or segregated housing can hinder integration efforts, while housing in diverse and inclusive neighborhoods can facilitate interaction and integration.

Overall, housing conditions play a crucial role in shaping the well-being and successful integration of migrants and refugees in Kansas. It is important for policymakers, organizations, and communities to prioritize providing safe, affordable, and suitable housing options for newcomers to support their overall well-being and successful integration into society.

15. What are the key considerations for policymakers and stakeholders when addressing migrant and refugee housing in Kansas?

Key considerations for policymakers and stakeholders when addressing migrant and refugee housing in Kansas include:

1. Adequacy and affordability of housing options: Ensuring that there are sufficient housing options available for migrants and refugees that are both affordable and meet basic living standards is crucial. Policymakers should consider the availability of affordable rentals, access to public housing, and the potential for community partnerships to provide housing solutions.

2. Cultural sensitivity and inclusivity: Migrants and refugees may have specific cultural or religious needs that should be taken into consideration when providing housing options. Stakeholders should work to create inclusive communities that respect and celebrate diversity.

3. Access to essential services: Access to services such as healthcare, education, and transportation is essential for the well-being of migrant and refugee populations. Policymakers should consider the location of housing options in relation to these services to ensure that residents can easily access them.

4. Legal protections and rights: Migrants and refugees have specific legal rights and protections when it comes to housing. Policymakers and stakeholders should be aware of these rights and ensure that they are upheld in practice.

5. Integration and community support: Supporting the integration of migrants and refugees into the community can help foster a sense of belonging and reduce social isolation. Policymakers and stakeholders should consider programs and resources that promote social inclusion and community engagement.

16. How do local zoning and land use regulations impact the availability of suitable housing for migrants and refugees in Kansas?

Local zoning and land use regulations play a crucial role in impacting the availability of suitable housing for migrants and refugees in Kansas. Here’s how:

1. Zoning regulations designate specific areas for residential use, commercial use, industrial use, etc. These regulations can limit where affordable housing for migrants and refugees can be built, potentially restricting access to suitable housing options.

2. Density and occupancy restrictions set by zoning laws can limit the number of individuals who can reside in a single housing unit. This can be a barrier for migrants and refugees who may need to live in larger households to afford housing in high-demand areas.

3. Restrictions on accessory dwelling units (ADUs) or tiny homes can limit the housing options available to migrants and refugees, especially if they prefer or require smaller, more affordable living arrangements.

4. Land use regulations may also impact the availability of affordable housing by influencing the cost of land and development. High land costs resulting from zoning regulations can drive up the overall cost of housing in certain areas, making it less accessible to migrants and refugees with limited financial resources.

In summary, local zoning and land use regulations can have a significant impact on the availability and affordability of suitable housing for migrants and refugees in Kansas, potentially creating barriers to accessing safe and stable housing options in the state.

17. Are there specific cultural considerations that should be taken into account when providing housing for migrants and refugees in Kansas?

1. When providing housing for migrants and refugees in Kansas, it is essential to consider specific cultural considerations to ensure their comfort, safety, and well-being. Some key cultural considerations include:

2. Dietary Restrictions: Many migrants and refugees have specific dietary requirements based on their cultural or religious beliefs. Providing culturally appropriate food options that cater to their dietary needs is crucial.

3. Religious Practices: Accommodating religious practices such as prayer rooms or spaces for worship can help ensure migrants and refugees can practice their faith freely.

4. Language Support: Providing language support services or interpreters can help bridge communication gaps and ensure that migrants and refugees understand important information related to their housing.

5. Community Cohesion: Building a sense of community among migrants and refugees by facilitating cultural events, celebrations, or activities can help foster a sense of belonging and support their integration into the local community.

6. Trauma-Informed Care: Many migrants and refugees have experienced trauma in their home countries or during their journey. Providing trauma-informed care and access to mental health support services is vital in promoting their well-being.

7. Sensitivity to Cultural Norms: Understanding and respecting cultural norms and practices related to gender, family dynamics, and social interactions can help create a more inclusive and supportive housing environment for migrants and refugees.

By considering these specific cultural considerations, housing providers in Kansas can create a more welcoming and supportive environment for migrants and refugees as they navigate their temporary stay in the region.

18. What are the current trends in migrant and refugee housing in Kansas, and how have they evolved in recent years?

In Kansas, there are several current trends in migrant and refugee housing that have evolved in recent years:

1. Increase in community-based initiatives: Organizations and advocacy groups are increasingly developing community-based approaches to support migrant and refugee housing needs in Kansas. This includes establishing more culturally sensitive accommodations and services tailored to the specific needs of these populations.

2. Growing collaborations with housing authorities: There has been a notable trend in recent years of increased collaboration between migrant and refugee support organizations and local housing authorities in Kansas. These partnerships are aimed at expanding access to affordable housing options and addressing the housing challenges faced by these vulnerable populations.

3. Enhanced focus on long-term housing solutions: In response to the evolving needs of migrants and refugees in Kansas, there is a growing emphasis on providing more sustainable and long-term housing solutions. This includes programs that offer support for integration, job placement, and financial stability to help individuals and families establish stable housing situations.

Overall, the trends in migrant and refugee housing in Kansas have shifted towards more community-based, collaborative, and long-term solutions to address the complex and evolving housing needs of these populations. This reflects a recognition of the importance of creating inclusive and supportive environments for migrants and refugees to thrive in their new communities.

19. How do housing patterns differ between rural and urban areas in Kansas for migrants and refugees?

1. Housing patterns between rural and urban areas in Kansas for migrants and refugees differ significantly due to various factors. In rural areas, migrants and refugees may find housing options to be more limited compared to urban areas. Limited availability of rental properties, lack of public transportation, and access to amenities and services are common challenges in rural regions, leading to potential housing insecurities for newcomers.

2. On the other hand, urban areas in Kansas tend to offer a more diverse range of housing options for migrants and refugees. Cities like Wichita or Kansas City may have larger immigrant communities with established networks and support services, making it easier for newcomers to find suitable housing. Urban areas typically have a more developed rental market, public transportation infrastructure, and access to essential services such as healthcare, education, and employment opportunities.

3. Additionally, the cost of living in urban areas may be higher than in rural regions, affecting affordability and housing accessibility for migrants and refugees. While rural areas may offer a quieter and potentially more affordable lifestyle, they may lack the diversity and cultural amenities found in urban centers, which can be important for migrants and refugees looking to integrate and establish roots in their new environment.

In summary, housing patterns for migrants and refugees in rural and urban areas in Kansas differ in terms of availability, affordability, access to services, and community support networks. Understanding these differences is crucial for policymakers and stakeholders to develop targeted housing solutions that address the unique needs of newcomers in both rural and urban settings.

20. What are some best practices and successful models for addressing migrant and refugee housing needs that can be applied in Kansas?

1. Conduct Comprehensive Needs Assessments: Before implementing any housing initiative for migrants and refugees in Kansas, it is crucial to conduct thorough needs assessments to understand the specific challenges and requirements of the population in question. This could involve analyzing the existing housing stock, identifying gaps in services, and gauging the preferences of migrants and refugees regarding housing arrangements.

2. Foster Public-Private Partnerships: Collaborating with both public and private entities can be instrumental in addressing migrant and refugee housing needs effectively. By partnering with local governments, non-profit organizations, developers, and community stakeholders, it is possible to leverage resources, expertise, and networks to create sustainable and inclusive housing solutions.

3. Provide Culturally Appropriate Accommodations: Recognizing the diverse backgrounds and cultural norms of migrants and refugees is essential when designing housing programs. Offering culturally appropriate accommodations that respect the traditions, languages, and beliefs of the residents can help create a sense of belonging and integration within the community.

4. Support Social Integration and Community Engagement: To foster a sense of community and support social integration, housing initiatives should prioritize opportunities for residents to engage with one another and participate in local activities. This could include organizing cultural events, language classes, skill-building workshops, and community gatherings to promote interaction and mutual support among migrants and refugees.

5. Ensure Access to Essential Services and Amenities: Access to basic services such as healthcare, education, transportation, and employment opportunities is crucial for the well-being and integration of migrants and refugees. Therefore, housing initiatives should be located in areas with proximity to essential amenities and infrastructure to facilitate access and enhance the quality of life for residents.

By following these best practices and successful models for addressing migrant and refugee housing needs, Kansas can create inclusive, sustainable, and culturally responsive housing solutions that support the well-being and integration of migrants and refugees in the state.