1. What are the top renewable gas options currently available in Missouri?

The top renewable gas options currently available in Missouri include:

1. Biogas: Biogas is produced through the decomposition of organic materials such as food waste, animal manure, and wastewater. It can be upgraded to a quality similar to natural gas and injected into existing pipelines for use as a heating fuel or transportation fuel.

2. Landfill Gas: Landfill gas is produced from the decomposition of organic materials in landfills. It can be captured, cleaned, and used as a renewable energy source for electricity generation or heating.

3. Biomethane from Agricultural Waste: Biomethane can also be produced from agricultural waste such as crop residues and livestock manure using anaerobic digesters. This clean-burning gas can then be used for electricity generation or transportation fuel.

4. Renewable Natural Gas (RNG): RNG is a term used to describe biogas that has been upgraded to a quality similar to natural gas and then injected into existing pipelines for use as a renewable energy source.

5. Hydrogen: Hydrogen can be produced through electrolysis of water using renewable electricity sources like wind or solar power. It can then be compressed or liquefied for use in fuel cell vehicles or as a heating fuel.

6. Solar Energy: While not technically a form of gas, solar energy is one of the most readily available renewable energy sources in Missouri. It can be used for electricity generation or to heat water directly through solar water heaters.

7

2. How does Missouri compare to other states in terms of utilizing renewable gas?

According to a 2020 report by the American Biogas Council, Missouri ranks 14th in the nation for renewable natural gas production. This is based on the amount of biogas produced and utilized through anaerobic digesters, landfills, and wastewater treatment plants.

Compared to other states, Missouri has a relatively small renewable natural gas industry. California, Oregon, Washington, and Pennsylvania are examples of states that have higher levels of investment and utilization of renewable gas.

However, Missouri’s renewable gas industry is growing with several projects in development or under construction. Additionally, the state has a favorable regulatory environment for biogas production and has implemented policies to support its growth. With further investments and policy support, Missouri could potentially move up in national rankings for renewable natural gas production.

3. What policies or initiatives has Missouri implemented to promote renewable gas adoption?

There are several policies and initiatives in place in Missouri to promote the adoption of renewable gas:

1. Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS): Missouri has a renewable portfolio standard that requires utilities to generate at least 15% of their electricity from renewable sources by 2021. This includes a carve-out for biogas, which can be used to meet this requirement.

2. Net Metering: Missouri has a net metering policy that allows customers with renewable energy systems, including those using biogas, to receive credit for any excess energy they produce and feed back into the grid.

3. Renewable Gas Production Incentives: The state offers production incentives for biogas generated from agricultural or industrial waste through the Agricultural Fee-In Tariff and Industrial Fee-In Tariff programs.

4. Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) Tax Credit: Missouri offers a tax credit for the purchase of alternative fuel vehicles, including those powered by compressed natural gas (CNG) or liquefied natural gas (LNG), both of which can be produced from renewable gas sources.

5. Renewable Fuel Infrastructure Grant Program: The state offers grants for the construction or installation of infrastructure needed to dispense alternative fuels, such as CNG or LNG.

6. Biomass Energy Tax Credit: Missouri offers a tax credit for facilities that produce energy from biomass resources, including biogas.

7. Biorefinery Assistance Program: The state’s Department of Agriculture offers loans and grants to help finance the development of biorefineries that produce renewable fuels, such as biogas.

8. Renewable Natural Gas Certification: To promote consumer confidence and help ensure quality standards for renewable gas production, Missouri has developed a voluntary certification program for producers of biomethane (a type of renewable natural gas).

9. Collaborative Initiatives: The state has also joined with neighboring states in the Midwestern Greenhouse Gas Reduction Accord to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, including those from the transportation sector which can be achieved by promoting the use of renewable gas. The state also collaborates with entities like the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)’s Midwest Clean Energy Application Center and Midwest Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Coalition to further the development and adoption of renewable gas technologies in the region.

Overall, these policies and initiatives provide a supportive framework for increasing the production and usage of renewable gas in Missouri.

4. Can consumers in Missouri choose to receive renewable gas instead of traditional natural gas?

Yes, consumers in Missouri can choose to receive renewable gas instead of traditional natural gas. Some natural gas providers in Missouri offer programs that allow customers to opt-in and receive a percentage of their natural gas supply from renewable sources, such as landfill gas or biogas generated from agricultural waste. Consumers can also install their own renewable energy systems, such as a biodigester, to produce renewable gas for their own use.

5. What is the potential for renewable hydrogen production in Missouri?

The potential for renewable hydrogen production in Missouri is significant, due to the state’s abundant renewable energy resources and its long history of supporting renewable energy development. Missouri has a diverse mix of renewable resources, including wind, solar, biomass, and hydro power.

According to a study by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Missouri has the potential to produce over 5 gigawatts (GW) of renewable hydrogen annually. This amount could meet up to 20% of the state’s current energy demand.

The majority of this potential comes from wind power, which accounts for 90% of the total estimated renewable hydrogen production potential in Missouri. Solar power also has a significant potential for producing hydrogen, with an estimated capacity of over 1 GW.

Missouri also has a strong agricultural sector and a large amount of biomass resources, which can be used to produce hydrogen through biochemical processes such as gasification and fermentation. This could contribute significantly to the state’s overall sustainable future.

Additionally, Missouri is home to several industrial facilities that are well-suited for producing hydrogen through advanced electrolysis technologies. These facilities include oil refineries and chemical plants that have access to large amounts of electricity at competitive rates.

Overall, Missouri has great potential for renewable hydrogen production and is well-positioned to become a leader in this emerging industry. With continued investment in renewable energy development and supportive policies, the state can leverage its unique resources to help meet its own energy needs as well as contribute towards decarbonizing the broader regional economy.

6. Has there been any investment in biogas production facilities in Missouri?

According to the Missouri Department of Natural Resources, there are currently no known active commercial-scale biogas production facilities in the state. However, there have been plans for such facilities in the past. The University of Missouri has conducted research on biogas production from organic waste and a company called JFE Renewable Energy has proposed building a biogas plant in northern Missouri.

7. Are there any tax incentives or rebates available for using renewable gas in Missouri?

Yes, there are currently two tax incentives available for renewable gas in Missouri.

1. Renewable Fuel Production Tax Credit: The state offers a tax credit of $0.02 per gallon of renewable natural gas produced and sold in Missouri. This credit can be claimed for up to 10 years.

2. Renewable Energy Production Tax Credit: Producers of renewable natural gas may also qualify for the state’s renewable energy production tax credit, which is equal to 30% of the cost of producing the energy.

Additionally, some utilities in Missouri offer rebates or incentives for customers who use renewable gas. These can vary depending on the utility and the specific program. It is recommended to check with your local utility provider for more information.

8. How is the development of landfill gas projects being encouraged in Missouri?

The development of landfill gas projects in Missouri is being encouraged through a combination of incentives, regulations, and partnerships.

1. Incentives: The state offers tax credits for businesses and individuals who invest in renewable energy projects, including landfill gas projects. This includes a 2.5 cent per kilowatt-hour credit for electricity generated from landfill gas.

2. Regulations: The Missouri Department of Natural Resources (MDNR) has regulations in place to promote the beneficial use of landfill gas and reduce harmful emissions. These regulations require landfills to have a gas collection system and flare or beneficial use equipment in place to manage the gas produced by the decomposition of waste.

3. Partnerships: MDNR works closely with landfill owners and operators to encourage the development of landfill gas projects. They provide technical assistance, training, and support to help landfills comply with regulations and explore options for beneficial use of landfill gas.

4. Landfill Gas Energy Workshop: Each year, MDNR hosts a workshop on landfill gas energy where industry experts share best practices and innovative solutions for developing successful landfill gas projects.

5. Education and Outreach: MDNR also conducts outreach efforts to educate the public about the benefits of using landfill gas as a renewable energy source. This includes participating in conferences, workshops, and events to raise awareness about the potential for developing these projects in Missouri.

6. Renewable Energy Standard: Under Missouri’s Renewable Energy Standard law, investor-owned utilities are required to obtain a portion of their electricity from renewable sources, including landfill gas or digester methane.

Overall, these efforts have helped to create a supportive environment for developing landfill gas projects in Missouri and continue to encourage their growth in the state.

9. What steps is Missouri taking to reduce carbon emissions through the use of renewable gases?

1. Statewide Renewable Energy Standard: Missouri has established a renewable energy standard that requires electric utilities to obtain at least 20% of their energy from renewable sources by 2021, with 10% coming exclusively from solar and wind power.

2. Net Metering: The state offers net metering for residential systems up to 100 kW and for non-residential systems up to 500 kW. This allows individuals and businesses with renewable energy systems to sell excess energy back to the grid, providing an incentive for investing in clean energy.

3. Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS): In addition to the statewide renewable energy standard, Missouri has also adopted an RPS for its main electric utility, requiring them to obtain at least 15% of their electricity from renewable sources by 2025. This includes an auxiliary target of 0.3%, which specifically encourages the use of renewable gases as a source of clean energy.

4. Renewable Gas Tax Credit: The state also offers a tax credit for facilities that produce or purchase renewable gas such as biogas, landfill gas, or syngas made from biomass materials. This credit can be claimed against the state income tax liability and encourages the production and consumption of clean fuel alternatives.

5. Renewable Gas Infrastructure Grants: Missouri established a grant program in partnership with private industry and Clean Cities coalitions to support the development of biofuels and other alternative fuels infrastructure including research, engineering, design, construction or retrofitting activities related to alternative fueling stations.

6. Bioenergy Infrastructure Incentive Program (BIIP): The BIIP provides financial incentives for retailers who install blender pumps allowing drivers to choose from ethanol blends between E10-E85; however this can also encompass producer-owned pipelines supplying feedstock for dedicated Advanced Biofuel production plants offering uniform medium-to-long term contracts based on reliable market pricing forecasts attracting low cost financing by linking debt service payments directly paying off loans with actual daily operations at dedicated Advanced Biofuel production plants.

7. Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) in the Gas Transportation Sector: Missouri has partnered with industry and stakeholders to develop a voluntary Renewable natural gas tariff mechanism to facilitate the utilization of RNG in the state’s gas transportation sector; supporting carbon reduction efforts associated with decarbonizing residential, agricultural, and industrial sectors.

8. Support for Bioenergy Research: Missouri provides grants and incentives for research and development related to alternative fuel sources such as biogas, waste-to-energy technologies, and other renewable gases. This support allows for the development of new technologies and processes that can help reduce carbon emissions from energy use.

9. Green Bonds Program: In 2019, Missouri became the first state to issue green bonds, which are used specifically to fund projects that reduce greenhouse gas emissions or promote sustainable water management. The funds from these bonds can be used to incentivize companies to invest in clean energy projects, including those involving renewable gases.

10. Are biomass resources being utilized for renewable gas production in Missouri?

Yes, biomass resources are being utilized for renewable gas production in Missouri. Some of the common types of biomass used in renewable gas production include agricultural waste, forest residues, municipal solid waste, and food and yard waste. Several companies in Missouri are currently producing renewable gas from these biomass sources through anaerobic digestion or gasification processes. For example, Roeslein Alternative Energy’s Smithfield Renewables project in northern Missouri utilizes hog manure to produce biogas that is then converted into renewable natural gas (RNG) for use as transportation fuel. In addition, Ameresco operates a landfill-gas-to-energy project at the Bridgeton Sanitary Landfill near St. Louis where methane produced by decomposing solid waste is captured and converted into RNG for injection into the natural gas pipeline system. These are just some of the ways in which biomass resources are being utilized for renewable gas production in Missouri.

11. What plans does Missouri have for expanding its use of renewable gases in transportation?

The Missouri Department of Natural Resources (DNR) has developed several programs and initiatives to promote the use of renewable gases in transportation:

1. Renewable Fuel Standard: In 2006, Missouri passed a law establishing a Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS), requiring most gasoline sold in the state to contain at least 10% ethanol (or other renewable fuel) by volume. This has helped promote the use of biofuels in transportation and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

2. Alternative Fuel Vehicle Tax Credits: Missouri offers tax credits for individuals and businesses who purchase alternative fuel vehicles, including those powered by natural gas, propane, electricity, and hydrogen.

3. Alternative Fuel Infrastructure Tax Credit: Missouri also offers a tax credit for businesses that install alternative fuel infrastructure, such as natural gas or propane fueling stations.

4. Clean Energy Development Board: The DNR also administers the Clean Energy Development Board, which provides grants for projects that support the development and use of alternative fuels and clean energy technologies.

5. Electric Vehicle Charging Station Grants: Through its Volkswagen Settlement Fund, Missouri is offering grants for the installation of electric vehicle charging stations in publicly accessible areas.

6. Alternative Fuel School Buses: The DNR offers grant funding to replace older diesel school buses with new cleaner-burning buses powered by compressed natural gas or propane.

7. Biofuels Infrastructure Partnership Program: This program provides funding to expand biofuel availability through installation of blender pumps at retail stations in selected areas across the state.

8. Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) Projects: The DNR is currently exploring opportunities for RNG production from organic waste sources, such as agricultural waste and landfill gas. These projects could potentially provide an additional source of renewable gas for transportation use.

Overall, these programs and initiatives demonstrate Missouri’s commitment to promoting the use of renewable gases in transportation and reducing reliance on fossil fuels. As technology advances and more sustainable alternatives become available, it is likely that the state will continue to expand its efforts in this area.

12. Have there been any successful examples of community-scale renewable gas projects in Missouri?

Yes, there have been a few successful examples of community-scale renewable gas projects in Missouri. One notable project is the City of Columbia Renewable Gas Project, which uses anaerobic digestion to convert organic waste into biomethane for use as a transportation fuel. This project has been operational since 2014 and has received national recognition for its innovative approach to renewable energy.

Another successful project is the Applewood Sustainable Energy biogas plant in Southeast Missouri. This facility uses agricultural waste from local farms to produce renewable natural gas, which is then sold to a nearby power plant. The project helps reduce greenhouse gas emissions and provides economic benefits to the local community.

Additionally, a number of smaller-scale renewable gas projects are currently under development in various communities throughout Missouri. These include projects that use landfill gas, wastewater treatment plant digester gas, and agricultural waste to produce renewable natural gas for use in transportation or as a heating fuel.

13. Is it possible for households and businesses to generate their own renewable gas in Missouri?

Yes, it is possible for households and businesses in Missouri to generate their own renewable gas through technologies such as biogas digesters or small-scale anaerobic digesters. Biogas digesters directly convert organic waste materials, such as animal manure or food scraps, into biogas which can be used for heating or electricity generation. Small-scale anaerobic digesters work similarly to larger industrial biodigesters, but on a smaller scale and often using simpler designs. These methods can help reduce carbon emissions and provide a sustainable source of energy for households and businesses.

14. Is there an established market for buying and selling renewable gas credits in Missouri?

There is currently no established market for buying and selling renewable gas credits in Missouri. However, there have been discussions and initiatives for creating a voluntary renewable gas credit market in the state. For example, the Renewable Natural Gas Working Group was formed in 2019 to explore options for developing a renewable natural gas industry in Missouri, including the potential for trading credits. Additionally, organizations like Ameren are investing in projects that produce renewable natural gas and may be interested in purchasing credits. Overall, the development of a renewable gas credit market in Missouri is still in its early stages.

15. How does the cost of using traditional natural gas compare to using 100% renewable gas options in Missouri?

The cost of using traditional natural gas in Missouri can vary depending on several factors, including supply and demand, location, and infrastructure. However, in general, traditional natural gas tends to be less expensive than renewable gas options in Missouri.

This is because traditional natural gas is a well-established energy source that has been widely used for heating and cooking for many years. It has a well-developed infrastructure and pipeline system that makes it easier and cheaper to transport and distribute.

On the other hand, renewable gas options such as biogas or synthetic natural gas are relatively new technologies and have not yet reached the same level of cost efficiency as traditional natural gas. They also require specialized infrastructure and equipment, which can add to their overall cost.

In addition, the initial investment costs for producing renewable gas can be higher than those for traditional natural gas. This is because renewable gas often requires more advanced technologies and processes for production.

Therefore, while 100% renewable gas options may be more environmentally friendly, they can currently be more expensive to use compared to traditional natural gas in Missouri. However, as technology advances and there is increased demand for renewable energy sources, the cost of renewable gas may become more competitive with traditional natural gas in the future.

16. Are there any efforts being made by utilities to transition towards more renewable gases in their supply mix?

Yes, many utilities are actively incorporating renewable gases, such as biomethane and hydrogen, into their supply mix. Some examples include:

1. Natural Gas Utilities: Many natural gas utilities are starting to blend small amounts of renewable natural gas (RNG) or biomethane into their supply mix. RNG is produced from organic waste sources like landfills, wastewater treatment plants, and agricultural waste. It can be transported through existing natural gas pipelines and used in the same way as traditional natural gas.

2. Electric Utilities: Some electric utilities are also beginning to incorporate renewable gases into their supply mix. For example, some utilities have experimented with mixing hydrogen into their natural gas infrastructure for use in residential heating and industrial processes.

3. Renewable Gas Purchasing: Additionally, some utilities are purchasing renewable gases directly from producers under power purchase agreements (PPAs). These agreements allow the utility to secure a long-term supply of renewable gas at a fixed price.

4. Net Zero Targets: Many utilities have set ambitious net-zero emissions targets by 2050 or earlier, and incorporating renewable gases into their supply mix is seen as a critical element in achieving these goals.

Overall, there is increasing momentum among utilities to transition towards more sustainable and low-carbon energy sources, including renewable gases.

17. Does the state government have a targeted goal or timeline for increasing the use of renewable gases statewide?

No, there is no statewide goal or timeline set by the state government for increasing the use of renewable gases. However, many cities and utilities in the state have set their own targets for transitioning to renewable energies, which may include using renewable gases as part of their energy mix. Additionally, Governor Newsom has set a goal for California to achieve 100% clean energy by 2045, which may indirectly encourage the use of renewable gases.

18. Are there concerns about potential methane emissions from increased use of biogas or landfill gas projects in Missouri?

There are potential concerns about methane emissions from increased use of biogas or landfill gas projects in Missouri. Methane is a potent greenhouse gas that contributes to climate change and could be released during the production, storage, or transportation of biogas. However, these emissions can be mitigated through proper management and control measures. Additionally, there may be concerns about odor and air quality near these facilities. Adequate regulations and monitoring can help address these concerns and ensure the safe and sustainable use of biogas and landfill gas in Missouri.

19 .What role do renewables play, compared to other sources, when it comes to grid reliability and price stability?

Renewables play an increasingly important role in ensuring grid reliability and price stability in the energy sector. They provide a diversified and more decentralized energy supply, reducing the dependency on traditional fossil fuel sources.

One of the main advantages of renewable energy sources is their availability and predictability. Unlike fossil fuels, such as coal or natural gas, which are subject to price volatility and supply uncertainties, renewable energy sources are abundant and consistently available, making them more reliable for meeting energy demand.

Additionally, the distributed nature of many renewable energy sources allows for greater resilience against power disruptions. This means that even if one source goes offline due to weather or other factors, other sources can continue to provide power to the grid, minimizing any potential disruptions to electricity supply.

Renewables also help to stabilize electricity prices by providing a consistent source of low-cost energy. As technology advances and costs continue to decrease, renewables are becoming increasingly cost-competitive with traditional fossil fuels. This helps to diversify the generation mix and reduce reliance on expensive fossil fuels, ultimately contributing to more stable and affordable electricity prices for consumers.

Moreover, renewables have minimal or no fuel costs associated with their operation, unlike traditional fossil fuel plants that must purchase and transport fuel. This reduces their exposure to volatile fuel prices, which can lead to unexpected spikes in electricity prices.

Overall, renewables play a crucial role in maintaining grid reliability and stability while also helping to keep electricity costs down. As we transition towards a cleaner and more sustainable energy system, it is expected that renewables will continue to play an increasingly significant role in meeting our energy needs.

20. Does the public have access to information on how much renewable gas is currently being used in Missouri?

The public can access information on how much renewable gas is currently being used in Missouri through the Missouri Public Service Commission’s annual Renewables Energy Standard Compliance Report. This report provides an overview of the state’s renewable energy generation and usage, including renewable gas. Additionally, individual utility companies may also provide information on their use of renewable gas in their annual reports or websites.