1. What are the eligibility criteria for dual citizenship in Greece?

In Greece, the eligibility criteria for dual citizenship include the following:

1. Greek citizens who are born abroad and acquire a foreign nationality automatically at birth are permitted to retain their Greek citizenship.
2. Greek citizens who naturalize in another country after May 8, 1984, can retain their Greek citizenship by submitting a formal request to do so.
3. For individuals who acquire Greek citizenship through naturalization, they are required to receive special permission from the Greek authorities to retain their original nationality.

It’s important to note that these criteria are subject to change, and individuals interested in obtaining or retaining dual citizenship in Greece should consult with relevant legal authorities or expert advisors to ensure compliance with current regulations.

2. How does Greek law define dual citizenship?

Greek law defines dual citizenship as the status of an individual who is recognized as a citizen of both Greece and another country simultaneously. In Greece, the acquisition and loss of citizenship are governed by the Greek Nationality Code, which outlines specific criteria and procedures for determining an individual’s citizenship status. According to Greek law, individuals may acquire Greek citizenship through various means such as descent, naturalization, or marriage to a Greek citizen.

Dual citizenship is allowed in Greece under certain conditions, particularly for individuals who acquire Greek citizenship by birth or descent and do not automatically lose their original citizenship due to the laws of their other country. However, it is important to note that Greek law does not explicitly prohibit dual citizenship, but there are limitations and restrictions that may apply in certain cases. Individuals considering obtaining dual citizenship in Greece should consult with legal experts or Greek authorities to ensure compliance with all relevant regulations and requirements.

3. Are there restrictions on holding dual citizenship in Greece?

Yes, there are restrictions on holding dual citizenship in Greece. According to Greek law, Greek citizens are allowed to hold dual citizenship with certain countries, but there are restrictions and limitations in place. These restrictions vary depending on the laws of the other country involved and can impact issues such as military service obligations, taxation, and rights to government benefits. It is important for individuals considering dual citizenship with Greece to carefully research and understand the specific regulations and implications involved to ensure compliance with all legal requirements. Additionally, individuals may be required to declare their dual citizenship status to the Greek government and adhere to any additional obligations or responsibilities that may arise from holding citizenship in multiple countries.

4. Can Greek citizens acquire citizenship of another country without losing their Greek citizenship?

Yes, Greek citizens are allowed to acquire citizenship of another country without losing their Greek citizenship. This is permissible under Greek law, which allows its citizens to hold dual citizenship. However, there are some important factors to consider:

1. Greek citizens who acquire citizenship of another country must inform the Greek authorities of their new citizenship within a certain period of time. Failure to do so could result in penalties or loss of Greek citizenship.

2. It’s important to note that some countries have different regulations when it comes to dual citizenship. It’s crucial for Greek citizens to understand the laws of both Greece and the country they are acquiring citizenship in to ensure they comply with all requirements.

Overall, Greek citizens have the option to hold dual citizenship, but it’s essential to follow the necessary procedures and laws to ensure their Greek citizenship is not jeopardized.

5. Do children born to Greek citizens abroad automatically acquire Greek citizenship?

No, children born to Greek citizens abroad do not automatically acquire Greek citizenship. In order for a child born to Greek citizens outside of Greece to acquire Greek citizenship, specific criteria must be met. These criteria usually include:

1. At least one of the parents must have acquired Greek citizenship by birth or naturalization.
2. The birth of the child must be registered with the Greek authorities within a specified timeframe.
3. There may be additional requirements, such as proof of Greek heritage or parentage.

It is essential for parents of children born abroad to Greek citizens to carefully review the specific regulations and requirements set forth by the Greek government in order to determine the eligibility of their child for Greek citizenship.

6. Are there any advantages to holding dual citizenship in Greece?

Yes, there are several advantages to holding dual citizenship in Greece. Here are six benefits:

1. Enhanced Travel Options: As a dual citizen of Greece, you can freely travel and live in both Greece and your other country without the need for visas or residency permits.

2. Property Rights: Dual citizens in Greece have the same property rights as local citizens, allowing them to buy and own property without restrictions.

3. Access to Social Services: Dual citizens are entitled to receive social services, such as healthcare and education, in both countries.

4. Voting Rights: In Greece, dual citizens have the right to vote in elections and participate in political activities, giving them a say in the governance of the country.

5. Cultural Connection: Holding dual citizenship allows individuals to maintain a strong connection to their Greek heritage and culture while also benefiting from the opportunities available in their other country.

6. Employment Opportunities: Dual citizenship in Greece may open up more job opportunities, as some positions may require citizenship or permanent residency status.

Overall, dual citizenship offers individuals greater flexibility, rights, and opportunities in both Greece and their other country of citizenship.

7. How can someone renounce Greek citizenship to become a sole citizen of another country?

In order to renounce Greek citizenship to become the sole citizen of another country, an individual must follow a specific procedure outlined by the Greek government. Here is a general overview of the steps involved:

1. Submit a formal declaration of renunciation to the Greek authorities: The individual must make a formal declaration stating their intention to renounce their Greek citizenship. This declaration is typically submitted to the Greek consulate or embassy in the country where the individual is residing.

2. Provide supporting documentation: Along with the declaration of renunciation, the individual will be required to provide certain supporting documents, such as proof of citizenship in another country and any relevant identification documents.

3. Pay any applicable fees: There may be fees associated with renouncing Greek citizenship, so the individual will need to ensure that these fees are paid in accordance with the regulations set by the Greek government.

4. Attend an appointment or interview: In some cases, the individual may be required to attend an appointment or interview with Greek officials to confirm their decision to renounce their citizenship and discuss any additional requirements.

5. Obtain official confirmation: Once the renunciation process is complete and approved by the Greek authorities, the individual will receive official confirmation of their loss of Greek citizenship.

It is crucial for individuals considering renouncing their Greek citizenship to seek advice from legal experts or consult the Greek consulate or embassy for detailed guidance on the specific procedures and requirements involved in the renunciation process.

8. How long does it take to process a dual citizenship application in Greece?

The processing time for a dual citizenship application in Greece can vary depending on a range of factors. Generally, the process involves submitting the required documents, including proof of ancestry or other basis for eligibility, completing the necessary forms, undergoing any required interviews or background checks, and awaiting a decision from the Greek authorities. This process can take several months to over a year to complete.

Factors that can impact the processing time include:

1. The volume of applications being processed at the time.
2. The complexity of the case and the completeness of the submitted documentation.
3. Any additional steps or requirements imposed by the Greek government.
4. Any potential delays or backlogs in the processing system.

It is advisable to consult with Greek authorities or legal experts for the most up-to-date information on processing times and requirements for dual citizenship applications in Greece.

9. Are there any specific requirements for individuals of Greek descent to acquire Greek citizenship?

Yes, individuals of Greek descent who wish to acquire Greek citizenship may be subject to specific requirements. These requirements can vary depending on the specific circumstances of the individual, but some common criteria may include:

1. Proof of Greek descent: Applicants will typically need to provide evidence of their Greek ancestry, such as birth certificates, marriage certificates, or other documentation linking them to a Greek ancestor.

2. Language proficiency: Some applications for Greek citizenship may require individuals to demonstrate proficiency in the Greek language. This can be assessed through language tests or other means.

3. Residency requirements: In some cases, individuals of Greek descent may need to reside in Greece for a certain period of time before being eligible for citizenship. This residency requirement can vary in duration.

4. Renunciation of previous citizenship: Depending on the individual’s current citizenship status, they may be required to renounce their current citizenship in order to acquire Greek citizenship. Dual citizenship regulations should be carefully considered in such cases.

It is important for individuals of Greek descent seeking Greek citizenship to consult with a legal expert or relevant authorities to understand the specific requirements and processes involved in their particular situation.

10. Can individuals with Greek ancestry claim citizenship through descent, and how?

Individuals with Greek ancestry may be able to claim Greek citizenship through descent. To do so, they would typically need to provide evidence of their Greek ancestry, such as birth certificates, marriage certificates, and other genealogical documents. In Greece, jus sanguinis (right of blood) is the primary basis for citizenship, meaning that individuals can claim citizenship if they can prove that they have Greek ancestors.

1. The process of claiming Greek citizenship through descent can vary depending on the specific circumstances of each case.
2. It is recommended to contact the Greek consulate or embassy in the country of residence to inquire about the specific requirements and documentation needed to apply for citizenship through descent.
3. Additionally, individuals may also need to provide proof of their relationship to the Greek ancestor, such as birth certificates linking each generation.
4. It is important to note that each situation is unique, and the process of claiming Greek citizenship through descent may require careful research and documentation to successfully establish eligibility.

11. How does military service obligations apply to dual citizens in Greece?

Dual citizens in Greece are subject to mandatory military service obligations, regardless of whether they have acquired their citizenship through birth, descent, or naturalization. However, there are certain exemptions and regulations that may apply to dual citizens, depending on their individual circumstances:

1. Dual citizens who permanently reside abroad may apply for deferment or exemption from Greek military service, provided they meet specific criteria and obtain the necessary approvals.
2. In some cases, dual citizens may be required to fulfill their military service obligations in Greece if they reside in the country for an extended period or meet other residency criteria.
3. It is essential for dual citizens with Greek nationality to be aware of the military service requirements and regulations to ensure compliance with the law and avoid any potential legal consequences.

Overall, dual citizens in Greece should consult with the appropriate authorities or legal professionals to understand their specific obligations regarding military service and take the necessary steps to comply with the law.

12. Can dual citizens in Greece vote and hold public office?

Yes, dual citizens in Greece are allowed to vote in national elections, as well as in local elections. They have the same voting rights as Greek citizens and are eligible to participate in the democratic process. However, when it comes to holding public office, there are certain restrictions in place for dual citizens. Dual citizens are not allowed to hold certain high-level positions in the government, such as becoming a member of the Hellenic Parliament, a Minister, or the President of the Hellenic Republic. This restriction is in place to ensure that individuals with dual citizenship do not have conflicting loyalties that could potentially compromise the interests of the Greek state. Dual citizens in Greece can still hold other public offices at lower levels, such as municipal positions or other local government roles.

13. Are there any restrictions for dual citizens when it comes to property ownership in Greece?

Yes, there are certain restrictions for dual citizens when it comes to property ownership in Greece. Under Greek law, non-EU citizens, including dual citizens, need to obtain permission from the Greek authorities known as the “Greek Cadastre” to acquire property in border areas or on Greek islands. This permission is required in order to ensure that the purchase of real estate by foreign nationals, including dual citizens, does not pose a threat to national security or public order. Additionally, there are restrictions on the maximum amount of land that non-EU citizens, including dual citizens, can purchase in Greece. These restrictions aim to regulate the ownership of land by foreign individuals and prevent any potential negative impact on the local property market. Dual citizens looking to purchase property in Greece should be aware of these regulations and seek legal advice to ensure compliance with the law.

14. What are the tax implications for dual citizens residing in Greece?

Dual citizens residing in Greece should be aware of the tax implications that come with their status. Here are several key points to consider:

1. Tax residency: Dual citizens living in Greece are subject to Greek tax laws on their worldwide income.
2. Double taxation treaties: Greece has agreements with several countries to prevent double taxation, allowing dual citizens to avoid being taxed twice on the same income.
3. Reporting requirements: Dual citizens may be required to disclose their foreign assets and income to Greek tax authorities, depending on the amount and nature of their assets.
4. Tax rates: Greece has a progressive tax system, with rates ranging from 22% to 44% for individuals, so dual citizens should be aware of their tax obligations based on their income levels.
5. Foreign tax credits: Dual citizens may be able to offset taxes paid in other countries against their Greek tax liability through foreign tax credits.
6. Inheritance and gift taxes: Dual citizens should also be aware of any taxes that may apply to inheritance or gifts received from abroad.

Overall, dual citizens residing in Greece should consult with a tax advisor or specialist to ensure they are compliant with all tax regulations and to optimize their tax planning strategies.

15. How is dual citizenship handled in the case of divorce or marriage to a non-Greek citizen?

In Greece, the rules regarding dual citizenship in the case of divorce or marriage to a non-Greek citizen can vary depending on the circumstances. Here are some key points to consider:

1. Divorce: In the case of divorce, where one of the spouses is a Greek citizen, the non-Greek spouse may retain their Greek citizenship unless they explicitly renounce it. The divorce itself does not impact the citizenship status of either party, as citizenship is not automatically affected by the dissolution of a marriage.

2. Remarriage to a Non-Greek Citizen: If a Greek citizen remarries a non-Greek citizen, they typically do not automatically lose their Greek citizenship. However, if the Greek citizen acquires the citizenship of their new spouse through naturalization, this may potentially lead to the loss of their Greek citizenship, as Greece generally does not allow dual citizenship through naturalization.

3. Children’s Citizenship: In cases where one parent is a Greek citizen and the other is a foreign citizen, the children typically have the right to claim Greek citizenship. This right is not affected by divorce or subsequent marriages to non-Greek citizens, as long as the relevant requirements are met.

Overall, the handling of dual citizenship in the context of divorce or marriage to a non-Greek citizen involves a consideration of various factors, including individual circumstances and applicable laws and regulations. It is important for individuals in such situations to seek guidance from legal professionals or relevant authorities to fully understand their rights and obligations concerning dual citizenship.

16. Are there any provisions for dual citizens to participate in Greek social security systems?

Yes, there are provisions for dual citizens to participate in Greek social security systems. Under Greek law, individuals who hold dual citizenship are allowed to contribute to the Greek social security system if they are either residents of Greece or they are employed in Greece. This means that dual citizens who meet these criteria can make contributions to the Greek social security system and access benefits such as healthcare coverage, pensions, and other social security benefits like Greek citizens. It is important for dual citizens to be aware of the specific requirements and conditions that apply to their situation in order to ensure that they can fully utilize the benefits of the Greek social security system.

17. How does Greek law handle cases of dual citizenship when it comes to criminal matters?

In Greece, dual citizenship is generally permitted, but the country does not formally recognize dual citizenship. In cases where an individual holds dual citizenship and is involved in criminal matters, Greek law will apply based on the individual’s Greek citizenship. This means that if a dual citizen commits a crime in Greece, they will be subject to Greek criminal law regardless of their other nationality. However, it is important to note that the specific handling of dual citizenship cases in criminal matters can vary depending on the circumstances and the agreements in place between Greece and the other country involved. Overall, the individual’s Greek citizenship will take precedence in criminal cases within the country.

18. Can individuals who were born or lived in Greece but are not citizens apply for dual citizenship?

1. Individuals who were born or lived in Greece but are not citizens may be eligible to apply for dual citizenship under certain conditions. Greece typically allows dual citizenship for individuals who meet specific criteria, such as having Greek descent or being married to a Greek citizen. Additionally, individuals who have lived in Greece for an extended period of time and have strong ties to the country may also be eligible to apply for dual citizenship.

2. It is important to note that the process for obtaining dual citizenship in Greece can vary depending on individual circumstances and current regulations. Potential applicants should carefully review the specific requirements and consult with legal professionals or relevant authorities to ensure that they meet all necessary criteria before applying for dual citizenship.

19. How are dual citizenship applications processed in Greece for individuals without Greek ancestry?

Dual citizenship applications in Greece for individuals without Greek ancestry are typically processed by the Greek government in accordance with the country’s relevant laws and regulations.

1. Eligibility Verification: The first step in the process involves verifying that the individual meets the eligibility criteria for dual citizenship in Greece. This may include factors such as residency requirements, legal status in the country, and any other specific conditions set by Greek citizenship law.

2. Application Submission: Once the eligibility is confirmed, the individual can submit their dual citizenship application to the Greek authorities. This application will require the completion of specific forms, providing supporting documentation, and paying any required fees.

3. Review and Decision: The Greek government will then review the application, including all submitted documents and information. This review process may take some time depending on the complexity of the case and the workload of the relevant authorities.

4. Approval or Rejection: After the review is complete, the Greek government will make a decision on whether to approve or reject the dual citizenship application. If approved, the individual will be granted Greek citizenship in addition to any other citizenship they hold.

5. Oath of Allegiance: In some cases, individuals who are granted Greek citizenship through dual citizenship may be required to take an oath of allegiance to the Greek state.

It is important to note that the specific procedures and requirements for dual citizenship applications in Greece may vary depending on individual circumstances and any recent changes in Greek citizenship laws. It is advisable for individuals seeking dual citizenship in Greece to consult with a legal expert or immigration advisor to ensure they understand the process and meet all necessary requirements.

20. Are there any specific provisions for individuals of Greek descent living outside of Greece to obtain dual citizenship?

Yes, as of December 2020, individuals of Greek descent living outside of Greece have the possibility to obtain dual citizenship through a simplified procedure. This provision is outlined in Law 4738/2020, which allows individuals who can prove their Greek descent to obtain Greek citizenship without having to renounce their current citizenship. To be eligible, individuals must demonstrate their Greek heritage through documents such as birth certificates, marriage certificates, or other official records. This new law aims to facilitate the process for people of Greek descent living abroad to reconnect with their roots and establish a formal link with Greece. However, it is important to note that specific requirements and procedures may vary depending on individual circumstances, and it is recommended to consult with legal experts familiar with Greek dual citizenship regulations for personalized guidance.