1. What are the key technological capabilities of Romania that make it a potential target for cyber attacks?

1. Romania possesses several key technological capabilities that make it a potential target for cyber attacks. One of the main reasons is its strong and growing information technology sector. The country has a significant number of IT professionals and a thriving tech industry, including software development and cybersecurity firms, which attract attention from threat actors seeking to exploit vulnerabilities in these areas.

2. Additionally, Romania’s position as a hub for outsourcing and offshoring services in the IT sector means that it hosts a wealth of valuable data and critical infrastructure for businesses around the world. This concentration of sensitive information and systems makes it an appealing target for cybercriminals looking to steal valuable data, disrupt services, or launch larger-scale attacks.

3. The increasing digitalization of Romania’s economy and government services also presents a potential target for cyber attacks. With the adoption of technologies such as internet banking, e-commerce, and electronic government services, there are more avenues for threat actors to exploit vulnerabilities and gain unauthorized access to sensitive data or systems.

4. Lastly, Romania’s geopolitical position within Europe and its involvement in international organizations make it a potential target for state-sponsored cyber attacks aimed at espionage, disruption, or sabotage. As such, Romania needs to continuously enhance its cybersecurity measures to protect its technological capabilities from evolving cyber threats.

2. How does Romania collaborate with the U.S. on cybersecurity initiatives and information sharing?

Romania collaborates with the U.S. on cybersecurity initiatives and information sharing through various channels:

1. Bilateral Cooperation: Romania and the U.S. have signed agreements and Memorandums of Understanding (MoUs) to enhance cooperation in cybersecurity. This includes sharing threat intelligence, best practices, and collaborating on joint cybersecurity exercises and drills.

2. Participation in International Organizations: Both countries are active members of various international cybersecurity organizations such as NATO, the EU, and the United Nations. Through these platforms, Romania and the U.S. engage in discussions, share information, and coordinate efforts to address global cyber threats.

3. Joint Training and Capacity Building: Romania and the U.S. conduct joint training programs, workshops, and capacity-building initiatives to strengthen each other’s cybersecurity capabilities. This includes sharing expertise, conducting cybersecurity assessments, and providing technical assistance to improve resilience against cyber attacks.

Overall, Romania’s collaboration with the U.S. on cybersecurity initiatives is essential for fostering a secure digital environment and combating cyber threats on a global scale.

3. What are the main cybersecurity threats that Romania faces, particularly in relation to its technology sector?

1. Romania faces a variety of cybersecurity threats, particularly in relation to its technology sector. Some of the main threats include:

2. Cyberattacks: Romania is increasingly becoming a target for cyberattacks from both state-sponsored and independent hacker groups. These attacks can range from malware and ransomware infections to more sophisticated phishing schemes and data breaches targeting sensitive information stored by government agencies, businesses, and individuals in the technology sector.

3. Insider threats: Another significant cybersecurity concern for Romania’s technology sector is insider threats. These can include employees or contractors with access to sensitive information intentionally or unintentionally compromising data security. This can lead to data leaks, intellectual property theft, or other security breaches.

4. Vulnerabilities in infrastructure: The reliance on technology in Romania’s critical infrastructure, such as telecommunications networks, energy grids, and financial systems, makes these sectors vulnerable to cyber threats. Exploiting vulnerabilities in infrastructure can have widespread economic and societal consequences.

5. Lack of cybersecurity awareness: A lack of cybersecurity awareness among businesses, government agencies, and individuals in Romania is also a major concern. This can lead to poor cybersecurity practices, such as weak passwords, unsecured networks, and outdated software, making it easier for cyber attackers to breach systems and steal data.

6. International cybersecurity issues: Romania’s interconnectedness with international networks and systems also exposes it to global cybersecurity challenges. This includes threats such as cross-border cybercrime, international cyber espionage, and state-sponsored cyberattacks targeting Romanian entities.

Addressing these cybersecurity threats requires a comprehensive approach that includes implementing robust cybersecurity measures, enhancing cybersecurity education and training, developing resilient infrastructure, and fostering international cooperation to combat cyber threats effectively.

4. How does Romania’s legal and regulatory framework on cybersecurity compare to that of the U.S.?

1. Romania’s legal and regulatory framework on cybersecurity differs from that of the U.S. in several ways. Romania has made significant progress in recent years to enhance its cybersecurity laws and regulations, aligning them more closely with EU directives and standards. The country has implemented the EU Directive on Security of Network and Information Systems (NIS Directive) and has established the National Cybersecurity Strategy to improve its overall cybersecurity posture.

2. On the other hand, the United States has a more established and comprehensive legal framework for cybersecurity that includes various laws, regulations, and agencies dedicated to cybersecurity issues. The U.S. has enacted laws such as the Cybersecurity Information Sharing Act (CISA), the Federal Information Security Modernization Act (FISMA), and the Cybersecurity Enhancement Act to strengthen cybersecurity defenses and protect critical infrastructure.

3. In terms of enforcement and implementation, the U.S. has a larger budget and more resources devoted to cybersecurity compared to Romania. The U.S. government also collaborates closely with private sector organizations to address cybersecurity threats and vulnerabilities effectively.

4. Overall, while Romania has made significant strides in enhancing its cybersecurity legal and regulatory framework, the United States maintains a more robust and mature cybersecurity ecosystem. The U.S. framework is more comprehensive, well-funded, and collaborative, making it better equipped to address the evolving cybersecurity challenges facing the nation.

5. What role does Romania play in the European cybersecurity landscape and how does it impact U.S. interests?

Romania plays a significant role in the European cybersecurity landscape as it is considered one of the leading cybersecurity hubs in the region. The country has made substantial investments in developing its cybersecurity capabilities and infrastructure, establishing itself as a key player in combating cyber threats within the European Union. Romania has also been proactive in engaging with international partners to address cybersecurity challenges, including collaborating with the United States on various cybersecurity initiatives.

1. Romania’s cybersecurity expertise and contributions enhance the collective cybersecurity posture of Europe, which indirectly benefits U.S. interests by creating a more secure digital environment.

2. Additionally, Romania’s strategic location in Eastern Europe positions it as a crucial ally in countering cyber threats originating from the region, which could potentially impact U.S. interests.

Overall, Romania’s active involvement in cybersecurity efforts within Europe not only strengthens regional cybersecurity resilience but also contributes to the broader global cybersecurity landscape, ultimately aligning with U.S. goals of promoting a secure and stable digital ecosystem.

6. What are the strategic partnerships between U.S. and Romanian cybersecurity agencies or organizations?

The U.S. and Romanian cybersecurity agencies and organizations have established strategic partnerships to enhance their joint efforts in combating cyber threats and ensuring the security of both countries’ digital infrastructure. Some key aspects of these partnerships include:

1. Information Sharing: The U.S. and Romania regularly exchange threat intelligence, cybersecurity best practices, and trends to stay ahead of emerging cyber threats.

2. Joint Training and Exercises: There are collaborative training programs and exercises between the cybersecurity professionals of both countries to improve their skills and readiness in responding to cyber incidents.

3. Capacity Building: The U.S. supports Romania in enhancing its cybersecurity capabilities through partnerships focused on developing cyber defense strategies, policies, and technologies.

4. Cyber Policy Coordination: Both countries work together on shaping global cybersecurity policies, participating in international forums, and advocating for norms of responsible behavior in cyberspace.

Overall, these strategic partnerships between the U.S. and Romanian cybersecurity agencies play a crucial role in strengthening cyber defenses, promoting a secure digital environment, and fostering international cybersecurity cooperation.

7. How does Romania contribute to international efforts to combat cyber threats and enhance cybersecurity?

1. Romania has made significant contributions to international efforts to combat cyber threats and enhance cybersecurity through various initiatives and partnerships. One key way Romania contributes is through its active participation in NATO’s cybersecurity initiatives, such as the NATO Cooperative Cyber Defence Centre of Excellence (CCDCOE) in Estonia. Romania is a strong supporter of NATO’s Cyber Defence Pledge and regularly participates in cyber defense exercises and training programs to enhance its own capabilities and contribute to the collective defense of the Alliance.

2. Additionally, Romania is a member of the European Union Agency for Cybersecurity (ENISA) and actively participates in various EU cybersecurity initiatives and projects aimed at improving cooperation, information sharing, and resilience against cyber threats across Europe. Romania also collaborates with other countries and international organizations through partnerships and information-sharing agreements to address emerging cyber threats and promote best practices in cybersecurity.

3. Furthermore, Romania has developed its national cybersecurity strategy and legal framework to strengthen its cyber defenses and response capabilities. The country has established institutions like the National Cyber Security Directorate (DNSC) and CERT-RO (Computer Emergency Response Team Romania) to coordinate cybersecurity efforts, respond to incidents, and raise awareness about cyber threats among the public and private sectors.

Overall, Romania’s contributions to international cybersecurity efforts demonstrate its commitment to enhancing global cybersecurity cooperation, resilience, and capacity-building to effectively combat cyber threats in an increasingly interconnected and digital world.

8. What are the potential implications of cyber attacks on critical infrastructure in Romania for U.S. interests?

Cyber attacks on critical infrastructure in Romania could have several potential implications for U.S. interests:

1. Economic Impact: Disruption or damage to critical infrastructure in Romania could impact U.S. businesses with operations or investments in the country, leading to financial losses and potential supply chain disruptions.

2. Geopolitical Concerns: Romania is a NATO ally and a strategic partner of the United States in the region. Cyber attacks on Romanian critical infrastructure could destabilize the country, impacting regional security and potentially drawing U.S. resources into addressing the situation.

3. Cybersecurity Collaboration: An attack on Romanian critical infrastructure could highlight vulnerabilities in cybersecurity defenses and cooperation in the region. Strengthening cybersecurity partnerships with Romania and other allies becomes crucial to prevent future attacks and ensure mutual defense against cyber threats.

4. Ripple Effects: A successful cyber attack on critical infrastructure in Romania could embolden other threat actors to target similar systems in neighboring countries or globally, including the United States. This could lead to a cascading effect of cyber incidents with broader implications for international cybersecurity.

In conclusion, cyber attacks on critical infrastructure in Romania have the potential to impact U.S. interests economically, geopolitically, and in terms of cybersecurity collaboration and risk management. It is important for the U.S. to work closely with allies like Romania to enhance cybersecurity resilience and deterrence to mitigate the risks posed by such attacks.

9. How does Romania approach emerging technologies such as AI, IoT, and blockchain in the context of cybersecurity?

Romania has been actively embracing emerging technologies such as AI, IoT, and blockchain while also prioritizing cybersecurity measures. The country has recognized the potential benefits of these technologies but is also aware of the associated cybersecurity risks. In response to this, Romania has been implementing various strategies to ensure the security of these technologies:

1. Legislative Framework: Romania has been updating its legislative framework to address cybersecurity concerns related to emerging technologies. Laws and regulations have been put in place to protect data privacy, prevent cyber threats, and regulate the use of these technologies.

2. Cybersecurity Awareness: The Romanian government and private sector have been increasing cybersecurity awareness among businesses and individuals using these emerging technologies. This includes training programs, workshops, and campaigns to promote good cybersecurity practices.

3. Collaboration and Partnerships: Romania collaborates with international partners, such as the European Union Agency for Cybersecurity (ENISA), to share best practices and exchange information on cybersecurity threats related to AI, IoT, and blockchain.

4. Research and Development: Romania invests in research and development in the field of cybersecurity to stay ahead of emerging threats associated with these technologies. This includes supporting cybersecurity research institutions and fostering innovation in the cybersecurity sector.

Overall, Romania’s approach to emerging technologies such as AI, IoT, and blockchain in the context of cybersecurity emphasizes a proactive stance to mitigate risks and ensure the secure adoption of these technologies for the benefit of its citizens and economy.

10. What cybersecurity measures does Romania have in place to protect sensitive data and intellectual property?

Romania has implemented several cybersecurity measures to protect sensitive data and intellectual property within its borders. Some of these measures include:

1. National Cybersecurity Strategy: Romania has a comprehensive National Cybersecurity Strategy that outlines the country’s approach to cybersecurity and sets strategic objectives to combat cyber threats effectively.

2. National Cyber Incident Response Team (CERT-RO): CERT-RO is the national cybersecurity incident response team in Romania responsible for preventing and managing cyber incidents, providing technical support, and promoting cybersecurity awareness.

3. Legal Framework: Romania has robust cybersecurity laws and regulations in place to protect sensitive data and intellectual property. The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) has also been implemented to ensure the privacy and security of personal data.

4. Public-Private Partnerships: Romania fosters collaborations between the government, private sector, academia, and civil society to enhance cybersecurity capabilities and information sharing.

5. Cybersecurity Awareness Campaigns: The government regularly conducts cybersecurity awareness campaigns to educate individuals and organizations about best practices for protecting sensitive data and intellectual property.

Overall, Romania has taken proactive steps to strengthen its cybersecurity posture and safeguard sensitive data and intellectual property from cyber threats.

11. What are the key areas of collaboration between U.S. and Romanian tech companies in the cybersecurity domain?

Key areas of collaboration between U.S. and Romanian tech companies in the cybersecurity domain include:

1. Information Sharing: Collaboration on threat intelligence sharing to enhance early detection and response to cyber threats.

2. Joint Research and Development: Partnering on research projects to develop innovative cybersecurity solutions and technologies.

3. Training and Skill Development: Exchange programs and training sessions to enhance the skills and knowledge of cybersecurity professionals in both countries.

4. Cross-border Incident Response: Coordination in responding to cyber incidents that may have transnational implications.

5. Regulatory Compliance: Collaboration on ensuring compliance with international cybersecurity regulations and standards.

6. Public-Private Partnerships: Leveraging the expertise of both government and private sector entities to strengthen cybersecurity defenses.

These areas of collaboration can help both countries enhance their cybersecurity capabilities and better protect against evolving cyber threats.

12. How does Romania address the challenge of cyber skills shortage and talent gap in the cybersecurity sector?

Romania has been taking various measures to address the challenge of cyber skills shortage and talent gap in the cybersecurity sector. Some of the strategies implemented include:

1. Collaboration with educational institutions: Romania has been working closely with universities and technical schools to develop specialized cybersecurity programs that equip students with the necessary skills and knowledge required in the industry.

2. Training and certification programs: The government and private sector organizations in Romania offer training and certification programs to upskill existing professionals and attract new talent to the cybersecurity sector.

3. Promoting a cybersecurity culture: There have been efforts to raise awareness about the importance of cybersecurity and to promote a culture of cybersecurity consciousness among individuals and organizations in Romania.

4. Incentives for cybersecurity professionals: The government has introduced incentives such as tax breaks and funding opportunities to encourage more individuals to pursue careers in cybersecurity.

5. International partnerships: Romania has engaged in partnerships with international organizations and other countries to exchange best practices, collaborate on cybersecurity research, and address the global shortage of cybersecurity talent.

Overall, Romania’s multifaceted approach to addressing the cyber skills shortage and talent gap in the cybersecurity sector reflects a commitment to developing a strong and resilient cybersecurity workforce capable of defending against evolving cyber threats.

13. What recent cybersecurity incidents or breaches in Romania have raised concerns for U.S. stakeholders?

One recent cybersecurity incident in Romania that raised concerns for U.S. stakeholders was the 2020 attack on the country’s National Informatics Incident Response Center (CERT-RO). This cyberattack was particularly alarming as CERT-RO plays a critical role in coordinating cybersecurity efforts and responding to threats in Romania. The breach highlighted vulnerabilities in the country’s cyber defense capabilities, prompting concerns about the potential for malicious actors to exploit these weaknesses and launch attacks that could have broader implications beyond Romania’s borders. The incident underscored the interconnected nature of cyber threats and the need for international collaboration to strengthen cybersecurity defenses globally. U.S. stakeholders closely monitored this incident due to the potential impact on shared cybersecurity interests and the importance of addressing vulnerabilities in the global cyber landscape.

14. What is the role of Romania in shaping international cybersecurity norms and standards, and its alignment with U.S. policies?

Romania plays a significant role in shaping international cybersecurity norms and standards through its active participation in various global cybersecurity initiatives and organizations. As a member of the European Union and NATO, Romania contributes to the development of cybersecurity policies that align with Western values and principles, including those embraced by the United States.

1. Romania has been vocal in advocating for a rules-based international order in cyberspace, promoting the development of norms that promote responsible state behavior and discourage malicious cyber activities.

2. Romania has also actively participated in international cybersecurity exercises and information-sharing mechanisms to enhance global cybersecurity resilience and cooperation.

In alignment with U.S. policies, Romania has demonstrated a commitment to enhancing cybersecurity cooperation with the United States through various bilateral agreements, joint exercises, and intelligence-sharing efforts. Both countries share a common interest in countering cyber threats and ensuring a secure and stable cyberspace, which helps bolster their collaboration in shaping international cybersecurity norms and standards. Romania’s alignment with U.S. cybersecurity policies further strengthens the transatlantic partnership in addressing cyber threats and promoting a secure digital environment.

15. How does Romania balance cybersecurity considerations with economic development and innovation in the technology sector?

Romania has been actively working to balance cybersecurity considerations with economic development and innovation in the technology sector through a multi-faceted approach:

1. National Cybersecurity Strategy: Romania has a National Cybersecurity Strategy that outlines the country’s priorities and objectives in enhancing cybersecurity while promoting economic growth and innovation. This strategy aims to create a secure and resilient cyberspace while fostering a conducive environment for technological advancements.

2. Public-Private Partnerships: Romania has fostered strong collaborations between the government, private sector, and academic institutions to enhance cybersecurity measures without stifling economic growth. By working together, stakeholders can share resources, expertise, and information to address cybersecurity concerns while supporting innovation in the technology sector.

3. Cybersecurity Education and Training: Romania has placed a strong emphasis on cybersecurity education and training programs to build a skilled workforce capable of addressing cybersecurity challenges while driving technological advancements. By investing in human capital development, Romania can ensure a robust cybersecurity framework without hindering economic development.

Overall, Romania’s approach to balancing cybersecurity considerations with economic development and innovation in the technology sector involves strategic planning, collaboration, and investment in education and training to create a secure and innovative digital ecosystem.

16. What are the main differences in the approach to cybersecurity between the U.S. and Romania, and how do these impact bilateral cooperation?

The main differences in the approach to cybersecurity between the U.S. and Romania stem from variations in resources, expertise, and strategic priorities. Here are some key points:

1. Resource Allocation: The U.S. has significantly more financial and technological resources devoted to cybersecurity compared to Romania. This allows the U.S. to invest in cutting-edge technologies, talent, and infrastructure to combat cyber threats effectively.

2. Expertise and Capabilities: The U.S. possesses some of the world’s leading cybersecurity experts and research institutions, further enhancing its ability to protect against and respond to cyber attacks. In contrast, Romania may have a smaller talent pool and fewer advanced cybersecurity capabilities.

3. Strategic Priorities: The U.S. views cybersecurity as a critical national security issue and has developed comprehensive strategies and frameworks to address cyber threats both domestically and internationally. Romania, while recognizing the importance of cybersecurity, may not have the same level of prioritization or integration into its national security agenda.

These differences can impact bilateral cooperation between the U.S. and Romania in several ways:

1. Information Sharing: Disparities in resources and capabilities may affect the sharing of intelligence and best practices between the two countries. The U.S. may expect Romania to align more closely with its cybersecurity standards and practices, which could pose challenges for effective collaboration.

2. Joint Operations: In cases where joint cyber operations are necessary, differences in approach and capabilities could hinder seamless coordination between U.S. and Romanian cybersecurity agencies.

3. Capacity Building: The U.S. may play a more significant role in supporting Romania in enhancing its cybersecurity capabilities through training programs, technology transfers, and other forms of assistance to bridge the gap in resources and expertise.

Overall, while the U.S. and Romania both prioritize cybersecurity, divergences in resources and strategic focus may affect the depth and efficiency of their cooperation in addressing common cyber threats. Efforts to align priorities, enhance information sharing, and build mutual capacities can strengthen bilateral cybersecurity collaboration between the two countries.

17. How does Romania address the growing threat of state-sponsored cyber attacks and espionage in the region?

Romania has taken several steps to address the growing threat of state-sponsored cyber attacks and espionage in the region:

1. Establishment of cybersecurity strategies and policies: Romania has developed comprehensive national cybersecurity strategies and policies to enhance the country’s cyber defense capabilities. These strategies outline plans for preventing, detecting, and responding to cyber threats, including those from state-sponsored actors.

2. Collaboration with international partners: Romania actively collaborates with international partners, such as NATO and the European Union, to strengthen cybersecurity cooperation and information sharing. This collaboration helps Romania stay informed about emerging cyber threats and trends in the region.

3. Investment in cybersecurity infrastructure: Romania has invested in improving its cybersecurity infrastructure, including enhancing the capabilities of its cyber defense units and establishing cybersecurity research and development programs. These investments aim to enhance Romania’s ability to detect and mitigate cyber threats effectively.

4. Cybersecurity awareness and education: Romania has also focused on increasing cybersecurity awareness among its citizens and businesses through awareness campaigns and educational programs. By promoting good cybersecurity practices, Romania aims to reduce the risk of falling victim to cyber attacks, including those sponsored by states.

Overall, Romania’s approach to addressing state-sponsored cyber threats involves a combination of proactive cybersecurity strategies, international cooperation, infrastructure investments, and cybersecurity awareness initiatives. By taking these measures, Romania aims to enhance its cyber resilience and effectively counter the growing threat of state-sponsored cyber attacks and espionage in the region.

18. What are the potential risks and challenges of U.S. companies outsourcing technological and cybersecurity services to Romania?

Outsourcing technological and cybersecurity services to Romania can come with several potential risks and challenges for U.S. companies. Here are some key points to consider:

1. Data security concerns: Romania may have different data protection laws and regulations compared to the U.S., potentially leading to data security vulnerabilities and compliance issues.

2. Language and cultural barriers: Communication challenges due to language differences and cultural nuances can hinder effective collaboration and understanding between U.S. companies and Romanian service providers.

3. Time zone differences: Significant time zone differences between the U.S. and Romania can impact real-time communication and responsiveness, especially in the event of cybersecurity incidents that require immediate attention.

4. Quality control issues: Ensuring the quality of technological and cybersecurity services provided by Romanian outsourcing firms may be challenging, leading to potential lapses in the overall security posture of U.S. companies.

5. Intellectual property risks: There could be concerns around intellectual property theft or leakage when sensitive technological information and cybersecurity strategies are shared with external service providers in Romania.

Overall, while outsourcing to Romania can offer cost efficiencies and access to specialized skills, U.S. companies must carefully assess and address these risks and challenges to safeguard their technological assets and cybersecurity integrity.

19. How does Romania contribute to the global response to cybercrime and cyber warfare, in coordination with U.S. efforts?

1. Romania plays a significant role in the global response to cybercrime and cyber warfare by actively cooperating with the U.S. and other international partners.

2. It has established itself as a key player in cybersecurity through its membership in various organizations such as the European Union Agency for Network and Information Security (ENISA) and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). These partnerships enable Romania to share information, best practices, and collaborate on cybersecurity initiatives with both the U.S. and other countries.

3. Additionally, Romania has made strides in enhancing its cybersecurity capabilities through investments in technology, training, and infrastructure. This has resulted in the development of cyber defense strategies and capabilities that align with those of the U.S.

4. Furthermore, Romania actively participates in joint cyber exercises and information sharing mechanisms with the U.S. to bolster cybersecurity measures and respond effectively to cyber threats.

5. Overall, Romania’s contributions to the global response to cyber threats, in coordination with U.S. efforts, showcase its commitment to combating cybercrime and enhancing cybersecurity on a global scale.

20. What are the priorities and future outlook for U.S.-Romanian cooperation in addressing technological and cybersecurity concerns?

The U.S. and Romania have been engaging in cooperation to address technological and cybersecurity concerns, with several priorities identified to enhance this collaboration:

1. Information Sharing: Both countries need to prioritize the sharing of threat intelligence and cybersecurity best practices to improve readiness against cyber threats.

2. Joint Exercises and Training: Regular joint exercises and training programs can help strengthen the capabilities of both countries’ cybersecurity professionals and improve response coordination in the event of a cyber incident.

3. Policy Coordination: Close coordination on cybersecurity policies and regulations is essential to ensure a unified approach towards countering cyber threats and promoting a secure digital environment.

4. Critical Infrastructure Protection: Securing critical infrastructure sectors such as energy, finance, and healthcare from cyber threats should be a key priority for both countries to mitigate potential disruptive attacks.

In terms of the future outlook for U.S.-Romanian cooperation in addressing these concerns, there is a potential for deeper collaboration in emerging technologies like artificial intelligence, quantum computing, and 5G networks. Additionally, greater emphasis on capacity building, research partnerships, and joint investment in cybersecurity technologies can further bolster the relationship between the two countries in tackling evolving cyber threats. A continued focus on enhancing resilience, promoting innovation, and fostering trust between the U.S. and Romania will be crucial in navigating the complex and rapidly evolving cybersecurity landscape.