1. What are the main barriers faced by refugee students in accessing higher education in North Carolina?

Some of the main barriers faced by refugee students in accessing higher education in North Carolina include:

1. Language barriers: Many refugee students come from non-English speaking backgrounds and may not be proficient in English, making it difficult for them to understand course material or communicate with professors and peers.

2. Lack of educational background: Some refugee students may have had interrupted or limited formal education due to their displacement, which puts them at a disadvantage when applying for colleges and universities that require certain academic prerequisites.

3. Financial constraints: Refugees often arrive with little to no financial resources, making it challenging for them to afford the high costs of tuition, textbooks, and living expenses associated with higher education in North Carolina.

4. Limited access to information: Many refugee students are not familiar with the US higher education system and do not know how to navigate the application process or what resources are available to help them fund their education.

5. Discrimination and cultural adjustment: Refugees may face discrimination based on their race, religion, ethnicity, or nationality, which can make it difficult for them to feel welcomed and included on college campuses. Additionally, adjusting to a new culture and social norms can also be a significant challenge for many refugees.

6. Trauma and mental health issues: Many refugees have experienced traumatic events before and during their journey to the US, which can impact their mental health and make it more challenging for them to focus on their studies.

7. Lack of support services: Many colleges and universities in North Carolina do not have specific programs or support services tailored for refugee students’ unique needs.

8. Legal barriers: Some refugees may face barriers due to their immigration status, such as limitations on financial aid eligibility or work restrictions that limit their ability to pay for school.

9. Transportation challenges: Public transportation in North Carolina is limited in some areas, making it difficult for refugee students without personal vehicles to commute to campus regularly.

10. Family and cultural obligations: Some refugees may have family and cultural obligations that conflict with attending college, such as caring for younger siblings or conforming to traditional gender roles. These responsibilities may make it difficult for them to devote time and energy to their studies.

2. How has North Carolina legislation addressed the specific needs of refugee students in higher education?

North Carolina legislation has addressed the specific needs of refugee students in higher education through various initiatives and policies. These include:

1) In-state tuition for refugees: In 2008, North Carolina passed a law that allows refugees with legal status to receive in-state tuition rates at public universities and colleges, making higher education more affordable for this population.

2) Office of Refugee Resettlement (ORR) grant programs: The ORR provides funding to institutions such as community colleges and private organizations to support the education and training of refugees. This includes programs that provide language instruction, job readiness skills, and academic support services for refugee students.

3) English language learner (ELL) services: North Carolina requires all public schools to provide ELL services for students whose native language is not English. This ensures that refugee students have access to language instruction and resources to help them succeed academically.

4) Professional development for educators: The state also offers professional development opportunities for educators on how to support refugee students in their classrooms. This includes cultural competency training and strategies for working with diverse populations.

5) Refugee Education Assistance Program (REAP): North Carolina’s REAP provides financial aid to eligible refugees, including those pursuing higher education. The program covers tuition, fees, books, supplies, and transportation costs.

6) Governor’s Advisory Council on Refugees & Immigrants (GACRI): Established in 1987, GACRI advises state officials on policies impacting refugees and immigrants in North Carolina. The council includes representatives from higher education institutions who work together to address the unique needs of these populations.

Overall, North Carolina legislation recognizes the barriers faced by refugee students in accessing higher education and has taken steps to address these challenges through targeted initiatives and partnerships with educational institutions. These efforts aim to support the successful integration of refugee students into society through increased access to education and career opportunities.

3. Are there any specific financial aid programs in place for refugee students in North Carolina universities?

Yes, there are several financial aid programs in place for refugee students in North Carolina universities.

1. The University of North Carolina (UNC) system offers a Refugee Assistance Program, which provides tuition waivers and other financial assistance to qualified refugee students attending UNC universities.

2. The Golden Door Scholars Program provides funding and support for immigrant and refugee students who are pursuing undergraduate degrees at select North Carolina universities.

3. Many universities in North Carolina also offer institutional scholarships specifically for refugee students. For example, Wake Forest University has the Ahmed Ibrahim Abu Salim Scholarship for Internationally Displaced and Refugee Students, and Duke University has the International Rescue Committee (IRC) Global Education Scholarship for Refugees.

4. Many community colleges in North Carolina have partnerships with local resettlement agencies to provide support and resources for refugee students, including financial assistance through scholarships or grants.

5. Some non-profit organizations also offer scholarships for refugee students attending universities in North Carolina. For example, the Foundation for Hope through Local Bureaus of Catholic Charities offers scholarships to refugees pursuing post-secondary education in the United States.

It is recommended that refugee students contact their university’s financial aid office or their resettlement agency for more information on available financial aid programs specific to their school and situation.

4. What types of academic support and resources are available to refugee students in North Carolina colleges?

Refugee students in North Carolina colleges have access to various academic support and resources, including:

1. English Language Learning Programs: Most colleges in North Carolina offer English language learning programs for refugee students who have limited proficiency in English. These programs are designed to help them improve their language skills and prepare them for college-level courses.

2. Tutoring Services: Many colleges also offer tutoring services for various subjects, including math, science, and language courses. These services provide one-on-one or group sessions with experienced tutors who can assist refugee students in understanding difficult concepts and mastering course material.

3. Writing Centers: Refugee students may struggle with academic writing due to language barriers or lack of familiarity with the U.S. academic writing style. Writing centers at colleges offer guidance and resources to improve their writing skills, such as grammar and syntax, essay structure, citation styles, and more.

4. Academic Advising: Academic advisors work closely with refugee students to help them plan their course schedules, choose majors or minors, and make progress towards graduation. They can also refer them to other resources that may be beneficial, such as study groups or specific workshops.

5. Specialized Programs: Some colleges in North Carolina offer specialized programs specifically for refugees or international students. These programs may include orientation sessions, cultural competency workshops, mentoring opportunities with other students or faculty members from similar backgrounds.

6.Professional Development Programs: For refugee students looking to enhance their skills and gain professional experience while studying, several universities in North Carolina offer career development services such as job fairs, resume building workshops, internships and co-op opportunities.

7.Counselling & Mental Health Services: Colleges have dedicated counseling centers staffed by trained professionals who provide individual therapy sessions or support groups for refugee students dealing with mental health issues related to their displacement experiences.

8.Scholarships & Financial Aid: Many colleges offer scholarships specifically for refugee students or international students in general to help cover the cost of tuition and other educational expenses. Additionally, the Financial Aid office can help students apply for student loans, grants, or work-study programs to assist with financing their education.

9.Community Organizations: Various community organizations in North Carolina partner with colleges to provide additional support and resources for refugee students. These organizations may offer mentoring programs, cultural events, social activities, or volunteer opportunities to help students adjust to their new environment and form connections within the community.

10.On-Campus Resource Centers: Lastly, several universities in North Carolina have on-campus resource centers dedicated to supporting underrepresented students, including refugees. These centers may offer study spaces, computer labs, printing services and more that make it easier for refugee students to access necessary resources on campus.

5. How does North Carolina ensure equal opportunities for refugee students in the admissions process for higher education institutions?

The North Carolina State Education Assistance Authority, in cooperation with the state’s colleges and universities, has established a process for refugee students to ensure equal opportunities in the admissions process for higher education institutions. This includes:

1. Streamlined application process: Refugee students can apply to North Carolina colleges and universities through the same application system used by all other applicants, making it more efficient and accessible.

2. Admissions criteria: Refugees are evaluated based on their academic achievements, personal characteristics, and potential contribution to campus diversity.

3. Support services: Many schools have dedicated staff or programs that provide support to refugee students during the admissions process. These services can include assistance with application materials, language proficiency testing, and counseling.

4. Financial aid opportunities: Many colleges and universities offer scholarships and grants specifically for refugee students to help cover the cost of tuition and other expenses.

5. Outreach efforts: The State Education Assistance Authority conducts outreach efforts to inform refugee communities about available resources and the admissions process for higher education institutions in North Carolina.

6. Equal educational opportunities: North Carolina law prohibits discrimination based on race, religion, nationality, or citizenship status in public education institutions. This ensures that refugee students are treated fairly and have access to the same educational opportunities as other students.

7. Collaboration with resettlement agencies: Resettlement agencies work closely with local schools and higher education institutions to coordinate support services for refugee students throughout the admissions process.

Overall, North Carolina strives to create an inclusive and welcoming environment for refugees seeking higher education opportunities by providing support services, promoting equal opportunities, and collaborating with relevant organizations.

6. Has there been an increase in the enrollment of refugee students in higher education since the implementation of state legislation?

Unfortunately, there is not currently enough data available to accurately answer this question. While some studies have shown an increase in refugee enrollment post-legislation, others have found a decrease or no significant change. Additionally, multiple factors can affect refugee enrollment in higher education, so it is difficult to attribute any change solely to state legislation. More research and data collection is needed in order to fully understand the impact of state legislation on refugee enrollment in higher education.

7. How is cultural sensitivity and diversity being promoted on campuses to accommodate the needs of refugee students in North Carolina?

1. Multicultural Centers and Organizations: Many campuses in North Carolina have designated multicultural centers or organizations that aim to promote cultural sensitivity and diversity on campus. These centers often offer a range of services, such as intercultural programming, resources for marginalized communities, and support for students from diverse backgrounds.

2. Refugee Student Support Programs: Several universities in North Carolina have established specific programs to support refugee students on campus. These programs may offer counseling, mentoring, academic support, and resources to help students adjust to the academic and cultural environment.

3. Inclusive Curriculum: Many colleges and universities in North Carolina are incorporating more diverse perspectives and voices into their curriculum. This allows all students to learn about different cultures and experiences, including those of refugees.

4. Cultural Events and Celebrations: Campuses often host events such as international fairs, cultural festivals, film screenings, and panels to celebrate diversity and increase cultural awareness among students.

5. Language Support Services: Some campuses provide language support services for non-native English speakers, which can be especially helpful for refugee students who may be still learning the language.

6. Faculty Training: Universities may offer training sessions for faculty on how to create an inclusive classroom environment that respects different cultures and experiences. This can also help faculty better understand the needs of refugee students in their classrooms.

7. Collaboration with Community Organizations: Many campuses partner with local community organizations that specialize in supporting refugees in the area. This collaboration can provide additional resources and support for refugee students on campus.

8. Accessible Mental Health Services: Mental health is an important aspect of overall well-being that is often overlooked among refugee populations. Campuses may have counseling services available specifically for refugees or work with outside mental health providers who have experience working with refugees.

9. Scholarship Opportunities: Some universities offer scholarships or financial aid specifically designed for refugee students to help alleviate some financial burden while pursuing their education.

10. Efforts by Student Government: Student-led initiatives and events promoting cultural sensitivity and diversity can also make a significant impact on campus. Student governments may also work to advocate for more resources and support for refugee students.

8. Are there any partnerships between state agencies and universities to provide support and guidance to refugee students?

At this time, I am not aware of any specific partnerships between state agencies and universities to support refugee students. However, some universities offer programs and resources specifically for refugee students, such as counseling services and mentorship programs. Additionally, state agencies may work with universities to identify and provide resources for refugee students, but these partnerships would likely vary depending on the specific state and university involved. It is recommended to contact individual universities or state agencies directly for more information on any partnerships that may exist.

9. Does North Carolina have any policies or initiatives that promote language access for refugee students on college campuses?

Yes, North Carolina has a number of policies and initiatives in place to promote language access for refugee students on college campuses. These include:

1. Refugee education programs: The state has partnerships with community colleges and universities to offer special programs and services for refugees, including English as a Second Language (ESL) classes and academic support.

2. English as a Second Language (ESL) courses: Community colleges and universities in North Carolina offer ESL courses to help refugees improve their English language skills, which can aid them in their college studies.

3. DREAM Act: North Carolina is one of 18 states that allow qualified undocumented students to receive in-state tuition rates at public colleges and universities, regardless of their immigration status.

4. Cultural competency training for faculty and staff: Many institutions provide training programs to help faculty and staff better understand the unique needs of refugee students and how to effectively support them.

5. Student organizations and clubs: Some colleges have student organizations or clubs specifically designed to support refugee students, helping them integrate into campus life and offering opportunities for cultural exchange.

6. Multilingual materials: Colleges may provide multilingual materials, such as brochures or informational handouts, to help refugee students navigate campus resources and understand important policies.

7. Translation services: Some colleges have translation services available for students who need assistance with documents or communication in languages other than English.

8. Campus diversity initiatives: Several colleges have diversity initiatives aimed at creating inclusive environments for all students, including those from refugee backgrounds.

9. Inclusive language policies: Many institutions have inclusive language policies that encourage the use of gender-neutral pronouns, respect for diverse cultures, and sensitivity towards marginalized communities, including refugees.

10. Are there any specialized programs or services offered to help former refugees transfer from community colleges to four-year universities in North Carolina?

Yes, there are several specialized programs and services in North Carolina that aim to help former refugees transfer from community colleges to four-year universities. These include:

1. Refugee Education and Employment Program (REEP) – This program, run by the North Carolina Division of Social Services, provides support services and career counseling to refugees in the state, including assistance with transferring from community colleges to four-year universities.

2. Office of Institutional Diversity and Inclusion (OIDI) at NC State University – This office offers various resources for underrepresented students, including refugee students, to successfully transition from community colleges to NC State.

3. Transfer Admissions Process (TAP) at UNC Charlotte – TAP is a program designed specifically for transfer students at UNC Charlotte, providing personalized advising and support services for a smooth transfer process.

4. Refugee Student Mentoring Program at Wake Technical Community College – This program pairs refugee students with mentors who can provide guidance and support as they navigate the community college system and prepare for transfer.

5. Immigrant & Refugee Success Center (IRSC) at Central Piedmont Community College – The IRSC offers workshops, resources, and individualized advising for immigrant and refugee students to achieve academic success and transfer to four-year universities.

6. Upward Bound Programs – Many four-year universities in North Carolina offer Upward Bound programs that specifically target low-income and first-generation college students, which may include former refugees. These programs provide academic support, mentoring, college preparation activities, and assistance with transferring to a four-year university.

7. Bridges Program at UNC Greensboro – This program aims to increase access to higher education for underrepresented populations such as refugees by providing support services such as academic coaching, financial aid guidance, and assistance with transferring from community colleges.

8. Second Chance Friends Program at Fayetteville State University – This program pairs international students, including former refugees, with mentors who can assist them academically and socially as they transition to FSU.

9. TRIO Student Support Services at Western Carolina University – The TRIO program at WCU provides support services for students who are first-generation, low-income, or have a disability, including assistance with transferring to a four-year university.

10. Refugee Scholarship Program (RSP) at Duke University – This program offers competitive scholarships to refugee students who have completed their undergraduate degrees at community colleges and are interested in transferring to Duke University for graduate studies.

11. What measures are being taken to address potential discrimination against refugee students on campus in North Carolina?

There are various measures in place to address potential discrimination against refugee students on campus in North Carolina. These include:

1. Anti-discrimination policies: Most universities and colleges in North Carolina have implemented anti-discrimination policies that prohibit discrimination based on factors such as race, ethnicity, national origin, or citizenship status.

2. Diversity and inclusion initiatives: Many universities have dedicated offices or departments that focus on promoting diversity and inclusion on campus. These initiatives may include hosting events that celebrate different cultures and providing resources and support to marginalized groups, including refugee students.

3. Awareness campaigns: Universities may conduct awareness campaigns to educate the campus community about discrimination and its impact on refugee students. This can include workshops, trainings, or informational sessions.

4. Support services: Refugee students may face unique challenges and trauma related to their experiences before arriving in the United States. Universities provide support services such as counseling and academic support to help these students adjust to campus life.

5. Safe spaces: Some universities have designated safe spaces for refugees and other marginalized groups to gather, share their experiences, and receive support from peers.

6. Reporting mechanisms: Most universities have reporting mechanisms for incidents of discrimination or harassment. These systems allow students to report any instances of discrimination anonymously if they wish.

7. Collaboration with refugee organizations: Universities may partner with refugee organizations in the community to gain knowledge about the specific needs of refugees and how best to support them on campus.

8. Inclusive curriculum: Promoting diversity and cultural understanding through course content can also contribute towards creating a more inclusive environment for refugee students on campus.

It is important for universities to continuously evaluate these measures and work towards creating an inclusive environment where all students feel welcome and valued regardless of their background.

12. Does North Carolina offer any scholarships or grants specifically targeted towards supporting refugee students’ educational pursuits?

Yes, North Carolina offers several scholarships and grants targeted towards supporting refugee students’ educational pursuits. These include:

1. The North Carolina Refugee Assistance Program (RAP) Scholarship: This scholarship is available to eligible refugees attending a North Carolina college or university. The award amount can cover tuition, fees, books, and other education-related expenses.

2. The UNC System RAP Scholarship: This scholarship is available through the University of North Carolina (UNC) System to refugee students attending any of the participating schools within the system.

3. Hope Scholarships for Children of Coffee Exporting Farmers: This scholarship is available to children of coffee exporting farmers who have been displaced due to conflict or persecution in their home countries and are now living in North Carolina. The award amount varies depending on the applicant’s financial need.

4. State Grants for Undocumented Students: In 2015, North Carolina passed a law allowing undocumented students who meet certain criteria to be granted in-state tuition at public universities and community colleges in the state. These students may also apply for state grants such as the Need Based Grant or Education Lottery Scholarships.

5. Tar Heel State Scholars Program: This program offers full-tuition scholarships to eligible refugees with high financial need attending one of the 16 campuses that make up the UNC System.

6. Bright Flight Scholarship Program: This program provides up to $2,500 per academic year for eligible high school seniors planning to attend an eligible postsecondary institution in North Carolina.

7. Golden LEAF Scholarship Program: This program awards funds to help selected recipients successfully complete community college courses leading directly to entry-level jobs deemed critical by local certified workforce development boards.

8. Veterans’ Military Service Scholarship: Available through the Golden Leaf Foundation, this scholarship provides funding for postsecondary education exclusively for honorably discharged veterans meeting certain criteria.

13. Are there any mentorship programs available for refugee students at colleges and universities across North Carolina?

There are various mentorship programs available for refugee students at colleges and universities across North Carolina, including:

1. New Roots: This program connects incoming refugee students with current students who serve as mentors throughout their first year of college. It is offered at Davidson College.

2. Refugee Scholar Mentor Program (RSMP): This program pairs undergraduate students with refugee high school students to provide academic and social support. It is offered at Duke University.

3. Refugee Youth Programs: Offered by the North Carolina State Office of Refugees and Immigrants, this program helps refugee youth in middle and high schools access resources and connect with mentors.

4. Refugee Success Mentors: This program matches mentors from local communities with adult refugees to provide cultural orientation, assistance with job searches, and opportunities for community involvement.

5. The Community Action for Refugee Arrival (CARA) Program: This program assists newly arrived refugees with adaptation to American culture, education, employment, health care resources, and more through a network of volunteer mentors.

6. Triangle Literacy Council’s Mentor Program: This program provides mentoring support to refugee children in Wake County and helps them develop their English language skills.

7. International House’s Mentor Charlotte Program: This program connects newly-arrived international students with local community members who help them improve their English language skills and expand their cultural understanding.

8. Refugee Resettlement Services’ High School Mentorship Program: This program offers one-on-one mentoring for high school-aged refugees in Durham, NC to promote academic success and personal growth.

9. Sponsors Organized to Assist Refugees (SOAR) Raleigh-Durham’s Mentoring Program: Offered by Church World Service in partnership with other organizations, this program connects trained volunteers with newly-arrived refugees to provide emotional support, information on daily living skills, guidance through the employment process, English practice opportunities, connections to community resources and more at no cost.

10. Syrian Transatlantic Outreach Program (STOP): This program connects Syrian refugees interested in attending college with American students and faculty members for a year-long mentoring experience. It is offered by the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

Students can reach out to their school’s international student services office or refugee support groups in their area to learn about additional mentorship opportunities available at their specific institution.

14. How are mental health services tailored towards meeting the unique needs of traumatized refugees provided by higher education institutions within North Carolina?

Mental health services for traumatized refugees provided by higher education institutions in North Carolina are tailored towards meeting the unique needs of this population through a variety of approaches. Here are some ways that these services may be provided and tailored:

1) Culturally sensitive and trauma-informed care: Higher education institutions understand the importance of providing mental health support that is culturally sensitive and trauma-informed. This means taking into account the cultural background and experiences of the refugee population, as well as being mindful of potential triggers or retraumatization.

2) Outreach and advocacy: Higher education institutions may have dedicated staff or programs specifically focused on outreach to refugees who may need mental health services. This can include collaborating with community organizations, hosting events or workshops, and providing resources in multiple languages.

3) Multidisciplinary teams: Mental health services for traumatized refugees may be provided by multidisciplinary teams made up of professionals trained in various disciplines such as social work, psychology, counseling, and psychiatry. This allows for a comprehensive approach to addressing the complex needs of this population.

4) Language access: Many higher education institutions have language access services in place to accommodate non-English speaking individuals. This ensures that mental health services can be provided in the refugee’s preferred language for effective communication and understanding.

5) Collaborations with community organizations: In addition to outreach efforts, higher education institutions may collaborate with local community organizations that specialize in providing support to refugees. These partnerships can help bridge any gaps between the refugee population and mental health services provided by universities.

6) Support groups: Universities often offer support groups for specific populations, including traumatized refugees. These groups provide a safe space for individuals to connect with others who share similar experiences while receiving guidance from a trained facilitator.

7) Individual therapy sessions: One-on-one therapy sessions with trained therapists allow for more personalized treatment plans tailored to the specific needs of each refugee.

8) Education and training: Higher education institutions may offer education and training opportunities for mental health professionals on working with traumatized refugee populations. This can help ensure that mental health providers are equipped with the necessary knowledge and skills to effectively support this population.

Overall, mental health services for traumatized refugees provided by higher education institutions in North Carolina are tailored towards meeting the unique needs of this population through culturally sensitive, trauma-informed, and multidisciplinary approaches.

15. What role do local non-profit organizations play in supporting refugee student success at higher education institutions within North Carolina?

Local non-profit organizations can play a critical role in supporting refugee student success at higher education institutions within North Carolina. These organizations can provide a range of services and resources for refugee students, including:

1. Mentoring and support: Many non-profit organizations have mentoring programs that pair experienced professionals or community members with refugee students to provide them with guidance, support, and advice as they navigate their academic journey.

2. Financial assistance: Non-profits can offer financial aid and scholarships for refugee students who may struggle to afford the cost of higher education. They can also help connect students with other sources of financial aid, such as grants or loans.

3. English language instruction: For many refugee students, language barriers can be a significant obstacle to their academic success. Non-profits often offer English language classes and tutoring services to help these students improve their language skills and succeed in their coursework.

4. Cultural orientation: Non-profit organizations can provide cultural orientation sessions for refugee students, helping them understand the norms and expectations of higher education in the US and prepare for any challenges they may face.

5. Academic support: Refugee students may need additional academic support to catch up on skills that they missed out on due to interrupted schooling in their home countries. Non-profits may offer tutoring or study groups to assist these students in catching up with their classmates.

6. Career development opportunities: Non-profits can also provide career counseling, job search assistance, and internship or employment opportunities for refugee students to gain work experience while studying.

7. Advocacy and representation: Some non-profit organizations advocate for policies that benefit refugees and work with colleges and universities to ensure inclusivity and support for these students on campus.

Overall, non-profit organizations play a crucial role in addressing the unique challenges faced by refugee students at higher education institutions within North Carolina. Their support can make a significant difference in helping these students succeed academically, professionally, and personally.

16.Have there been efforts made by state legislators to increase diversity among faculty and staff at universities and colleges within North Carolina, particularly with regards to hiring refugees?

There have been some efforts made by state legislators to increase diversity among faculty and staff at universities and colleges in North Carolina. In 2017, the North Carolina General Assembly passed a law requiring the University of North Carolina (UNC) system to report on its efforts to increase diversity and inclusion among faculty, staff, and students. The law also requires each UNC campus to develop a plan for increasing diversity among its faculty and staff.

In terms of hiring refugees specifically, there are no specific laws or initiatives that focus on hiring refugees at universities and colleges in North Carolina. However, many institutions have programs and resources in place to support refugee students and employees.

Some universities in North Carolina partner with organizations such as World Relief and Lutheran Services Carolinas to create employment opportunities for refugees. These partnerships often involve internships, on-campus jobs, or positions within the university’s international programs office.

Additionally, UNC-Chapel Hill has a Refugee Community Partnership program that provides employment assistance for refugees in the community. This program works with local employers to identify job opportunities for refugees.

Overall, while there are efforts being made to increase diversity among faculty and staff at universities in North Carolina, there is not a specific focus on hiring refugees. However, partnerships with organizations that support refugees and programs aimed at providing employment assistance do exist within the university system.

17.How is data collected on enrollment, retention, and graduation rates for refugee students in North Carolina higher education institutions?

Data on enrollment, retention, and graduation rates for refugee students in North Carolina higher education institutions is typically collected through a combination of methods.

1. Self-Reported Data: Higher education institutions may collect data directly from refugee students through their admissions process or through surveys. This data includes information such as country of origin, immigration status, and previous education experience.

2. Enrollment Data: The University of North Carolina System (UNC) collects aggregate enrollment data for refugee and asylum-seeking students based on self-reported racial/ethnic identification and country of origin.

3. State Agencies: The North Carolina State Office for Refugees (NCSOR) collects data on refugees and immigration status within the state, which can be used to estimate the number of refugee students enrolled in higher education.

4. Department of Homeland Security: The Department of Homeland Security’s Student and Exchange Visitor Information System (SEVIS) tracks international student visa holders, including those on student visas who are refugees or asylum seekers.

5. Institutional Research: Many higher education institutions have institutional research offices that track enrollment, retention, and graduation rates among different student populations.

6. National Datasets: The Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS) collects enrollment data from all accredited higher education institutions in the United States, including demographic information about students from various backgrounds.

7. Partnership Organizations: Organizations such as the Association of International Educators (NAFSA) and Refugee Council USA partner with colleges and universities to track data on refugee student populations.

8. Collaborative Networks: There are several collaborative networks and partnerships in North Carolina focused specifically on supporting refugees’ access to higher education. These partnerships may also collect data on enrollment, retention, and graduation rates for refugee students within their network.

9. Tracking Systems: Some higher education institutions have developed tracking systems specifically for refugee students to monitor their educational progress over time.

Overall, collecting accurate data on enrollment, retention, and graduation rates for refugee students in North Carolina higher education institutions may involve multiple sources and methods. By using various data collection methods, institutions can work towards improving the support and success of refugee students in higher education.

18. What are some successful policy initiatives in other states that North Carolina legislators could consider adopting to better support refugee students in higher education?

1. In-state tuition for refugees: Several states, including California, Texas, Illinois, and Minnesota, have passed legislation granting in-state tuition rates to refugee students, regardless of their immigration status. This not only makes higher education more affordable for refugees but also sends a message of welcoming and support.

2. Scholarship programs: Many states have established scholarship programs specifically for refugee students with limited access to financial aid. For example, the Virginia Refugees Study Grant provides need-based scholarships to eligible refugee students attending public colleges and universities in the state.

3. Language support services: Some states have adopted policies that require institutions of higher education to provide language support services for English Language Learner (ELL) students, including refugees. These services can include ESL courses, tutoring, and academic support programs.

4. Culturally competent staff training: A common barrier for refugee students in higher education is a lack of understanding from faculty and staff about their unique backgrounds and challenges. States like Colorado and Minnesota have implemented mandatory diversity and cultural competency training for university faculty and staff to better serve the needs of refugee students.

5. Mentoring programs: Mentoring programs can provide crucial support for refugee students navigating the unfamiliar terrain of college. States like Michigan have implemented mentorship initiatives that pair incoming refugee students with trained volunteer mentors who provide guidance and support throughout their college experience.

6. Access to mental health services: Many refugees come from traumatic backgrounds and may experience significant mental health challenges that can impact their academic success if left untreated. Some states, such as Massachusetts, have established policies ensuring access to mental health services on college campuses for refugee students.

7. Flexible enrollment options: Recognizing that many refugees face complicated resettlement processes and may need flexibility in their enrollment schedules, some states have implemented policies allowing deferred enrollment or extended deadlines for course registration.

8. Outreach programs targeting refugee communities: States like Pennsylvania have launched outreach efforts targeting refugee communities early on in the resettlement process, providing information and resources about higher education opportunities and assisting with application processes.

9. Collaborations between community organizations and institutions of higher education: Collaboration between community organizations and colleges can provide critical support for refugee students. For example, California has forged partnerships between community-based refugee service organizations and public colleges to provide tailored support services for refugees.

10. Education loan deferment: States like New York have passed policies allowing refugees to defer their student loan payments while they are unemployed or earning low wages during their initial resettlement period. This provides much-needed financial relief for refugee students trying to establish themselves in a new country.

19. Does North Carolina offer any programs or services to assist potential refugees with the transition from high school to college?

Yes, North Carolina offers various programs and services to assist potential refugees with the transition from high school to college. These include:

1. The Refugee Support Services Program (RSSP): This program provides support and resources to refugee families in North Carolina, including assistance with education and training opportunities for youth.

2. Refugee Education and Integration Services (REIS): REIS is a statewide program that offers workshops and training sessions to help refugees integrate into society, which includes linking them to educational opportunities.

3. College Access Programs: Organizations such as The Carolina Colleges Club, Scholars of Tomorrow, and North Carolina Private Colleges & Universities provide resources and support for high school students interested in pursuing higher education.

4. Employment Readiness Training: Some refugee resettlement agencies offer employment readiness training programs that help prepare refugees for post-secondary education or workforce development programs.

5. Higher Education Opportunity Program (HEOP): This program supports students from underrepresented backgrounds in accessing higher education by providing academic support, financial aid, and other resources.

6. English as a Second Language (ESL) Classes: Many community colleges in North Carolina offer ESL classes to help non-native English speakers improve their language skills before transitioning to college-level courses.

7. Mentoring Programs: Organizations like the Big Brothers Big Sisters of America have chapters in North Carolina that offer mentorship programs for young refugees, which may include guidance on pursuing higher education.

8. Financial Aid Assistance: Refugees who are U.S. citizens or legal permanent residents may be eligible for federal student financial aid by completing the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA). Additionally, some scholarship opportunities are available specifically for refugee students.

Overall, there are various resources available in North Carolina to support potential refugees in their transition from high school to college. Interested individuals can contact local refugee resettlement agencies or community organizations for more information on these programs and services.

20. In what ways does state legislation prioritize access to higher education for refugees without discriminating against other underrepresented communities in North Carolina?

1. Equal Access to Admission: State legislation can ensure that refugees have equal access to admission in higher education institutions as any other student, without discrimination based on their refugee status. This would also apply to other underrepresented communities such as low-income individuals and special needs populations.

2. In-State Tuition for Refugees: The state legislature can pass laws that allow refugees who have been living in North Carolina for a certain period of time to qualify for in-state tuition rates at public universities and colleges, making higher education more affordable for them.

3. Financial Aid and Scholarships: State legislation can prioritize providing financial aid and scholarships opportunities specifically for refugees, while also expanding these opportunities to other underrepresented communities in the state.

4. Culturally Sensitive Support Services: The state government can allocate resources towards culturally sensitive support services for refugee students in higher education institutions, such as language assistance, counseling services, and orientation programs. These services can also be extended to other underrepresented communities that may require additional support.

5. Safe Spaces and Inclusion: The state legislature can promote safe spaces for refugee students on college campuses by prohibiting discrimination based on national origin or refugee status. They can also encourage inclusion through cultural diversity initiatives and events that celebrate refugees and other underrepresented communities.

6. Collaborations with Community Organizations: State legislation can work closely with community organizations that specialize in supporting the integration of both refugees and other underrepresented groups into higher education, giving them access to resources such as college prep programs and mentorship opportunities.

7. Targeted Outreach Programs: The state government can create targeted outreach programs specifically aimed at increasing access to higher education for refugees and other marginalized groups. This could involve working with schools with high refugee populations, community centers, or faith-based organizations.

8. Addressing Language Barriers: Legislation can address language barriers by requiring colleges and universities to provide language assistance services to students who are non-native English speakers, including refugees. This can also benefit other underrepresented communities such as international students and immigrants.

9. Protection of Refugee Rights: The state government can implement laws to protect the rights of refugees and their access to higher education, without discriminating against other underrepresented groups. This could include policies that prevent discrimination based on immigration status or national origin.

10. Data Collection on Student Diversity: The state legislature can require higher education institutions to collect data on the diversity of their student population, including information on refugees and other underrepresented groups. This data can help identify any gaps in access and inform future initiatives.