Impact of State Immigration Policies on College Access in New Hampshire

1. What specific state policies or laws shape the impact of immigration on college access?

2. How do these policies and laws affect access to higher education for immigrant students?
3. Are there any initiatives or programs aimed at addressing the challenges faced by immigrant students in accessing higher education?

1. State policies and laws related to immigration can vary significantly from state to state, but some common examples that may impact college access for immigrants include:

– In-state tuition: Some states have passed laws allowing undocumented students or students with Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) status to pay in-state tuition rates at public colleges and universities, regardless of their legal status. This makes college more affordable for these students, who may not qualify for federal financial aid.

– Access to financial aid: Undocumented students are generally not eligible for federal financial aid, but certain states have enacted their own financial aid programs specifically for undocumented or DACA-eligible students.

– College admissions: Some states restrict undocumented or DACA-eligible students from attending public colleges and universities, while others allow them to apply and enroll on the same basis as U.S. citizens or legal permanent residents.

– Driver’s licenses: Many states require proof of legal presence in the U.S. in order to obtain a driver’s license, which can be a barrier for undocumented immigrants who need transportation to get to college.

2. These policies and laws can have both positive and negative impacts on access to higher education for immigrant students. On one hand, in-state tuition rates and state financial aid programs can make college more affordable and accessible for these students. This can help increase educational attainment among immigrant populations, which benefits both individuals and society as a whole.

On the other hand, restrictive admissions policies or lack of access to driver’s licenses can limit the ability of some immigrant students to even attend college in the first place. Additionally, the uncertainty surrounding immigration policies at the federal level can create fear and anxiety among undocumented or DACA-eligible students, making them less likely to pursue higher education.

3. There are various initiatives and programs that aim to address the challenges faced by immigrant students in accessing higher education. These include:

– Non-profit organizations: There are numerous non-profit organizations that provide resources and support specifically for undocumented or DACA-eligible students, such as the National Immigration Law Center’s DREAM Educational Empowerment Program and TheDream.US.

– Institutional programs: Some colleges and universities have implemented their own initiatives to support immigrant students, such as scholarships for undocumented or DACA-eligible students, legal aid clinics, and campus resource centers.

– State-level legislation: In some states, advocacy groups have pushed for legislation that provides equal access to higher education for all students regardless of immigration status. For example, California has several laws in place allowing undocumented students to attend public colleges and universities on the same basis as other residents.

Overall, while state-level policies and laws can play a significant role in shaping college access for immigrants, there are also many efforts being made at various levels to address these challenges and promote educational equity for all students.

2. How do state immigration policies affect the enrollment rates of immigrant students in colleges within New Hampshire?

The state immigration policies can have a significant impact on the enrollment rates of immigrant students in colleges within New Hampshire. These policies can either encourage or discourage immigrant students from pursuing higher education in the state.

Here are some ways in which state immigration policies can affect the enrollment rates of immigrant students:

1. Access to Financial Aid: State immigration policies that restrict access to financial aid for undocumented students can significantly affect their ability to afford college. This, in turn, can lead to lower enrollment rates among immigrant students.

2. In-State Tuition Rates: Many states have passed legislation allowing undocumented students to pay in-state tuition rates at public colleges and universities. However, this policy is not uniform across all states, and those without such laws may see lower enrollment rates among immigrant students due to higher tuition costs.

3. Support and Resources for Immigrant Students: Some states have implemented programs and services specifically designed to support immigrant students in their pursuit of higher education. These initiatives can include language assistance, academic advising, and mental health resources. These programs may attract more immigrant students to enroll in colleges within that state.

4. Fear of Deportation: Harsh immigration policies at the state level can create a hostile environment for immigrants, leading to fear and anxiety about deportation. This fear may discourage many undocumented immigrants from attending college or even living in that particular state, resulting in lower enrollment rates.

5. Legislation Regarding DACA: The Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) program provides temporary protection from deportation to eligible undocumented individuals who arrived in the United States as children. Uncertainty around DACA legislation at the federal level can impact the enrollment rate of DACA-eligible undergraduate and graduate students.

In conclusion, state immigration policies do play a crucial role in shaping the enrollment of immigrant students in colleges within New Hampshire. Policies that support and provide resources for immigrant students tend to increase their enrollment rates, while restrictive policies may deter them from pursuing higher education opportunities in the state.

3. In what ways do state-level restrictions on immigrant student financial aid impact college access for undocumented students in New Hampshire?


1. Limited Financial Opportunities: State-level restrictions on immigrant student financial aid can limit the financial opportunities available for undocumented students in New Hampshire. This makes it difficult for them to afford the cost of higher education, leading to decreased college access.

2. Ineligibility for Federal Financial Aid: Undocumented students are not eligible for federal financial aid such as Pell Grants or federal student loans. State-level restrictions on immigrant student financial aid further restricts their ability to receive any form of financial aid, making it difficult for them to pay for tuition and other college expenses.

3. Out-of-State Tuition Rates: Many states, including New Hampshire, require undocumented students to pay out-of-state tuition rates, even if they have lived in the state for most of their lives. This significantly increases the cost of college, making it unattainable for many undocumented students.

4. Limited Access to Private Scholarships: Some scholarships may also be restricted to citizens or permanent residents only, leaving undocumented students with limited options for private funding.

5. Fear and Uncertainty: State-level restrictions on immigrant student financial aid can create fear and uncertainty among undocumented students and their families about their ability to pursue higher education in New Hampshire.

6. Reduced Enrollment Rates: As a result of these barriers, many undocumented students may not enroll in college at all or have to delay enrollment while they try to secure enough funds through multiple jobs or private scholarships.

7. Limited Options for Higher Education: The lack of access to financial aid also limits the options that undocumented students have when it comes to choosing a college. They may have to settle for less prestigious institutions or ones with lower tuition costs simply because they cannot afford anything else.

8. Negative Impact on Economic Growth: Limiting college access for undocumented students also has negative impacts on economic growth in New Hampshire by limiting the potential contributions of these talented individuals who could bring new skills and perspectives into the workforce.

9. Disincentive for Higher Education: State-level restrictions on immigrant student financial aid send a message to undocumented students that they are not welcome in higher education and can serve as a disincentive for pursuing a college education.

10. Limited Diverse Perspectives: By limiting college access for undocumented students, the state is also limiting the diversity of perspectives and experiences that can contribute to the academic and social environment of colleges in New Hampshire.

4. Can you outline any successful initiatives or programs implemented at the state level to increase college access for immigrant students in New Hampshire?


One successful initiative implemented in New Hampshire to increase college access for immigrant students is the “New Hampshire Scholars” program. This program aims to raise academic standards and increase awareness of postsecondary education among high school students, with a particular focus on underrepresented groups such as immigrant students. The program partners with local businesses, colleges, and volunteers to offer workshops, resources, and incentives for students to complete a rigorous course of study that prepares them for higher education.

In addition, the New Hampshire College and University Council (NHCUC) has established a scholarship program specifically for immigrant students. The NHCUC Collaborative Scholarship Program offers financial aid for eligible immigrants who are attending one of the participating private colleges in the state. This program not only provides much-needed financial assistance but also offers support services to help these students succeed in college.

Another successful initiative is the New Hampshire Coalition for Occupational Therapy Education (NH-COTE), which focuses on increasing access to occupational therapy education for all individuals, including immigrants. NH-COTE works with local community colleges and universities to provide information about occupational therapy careers and opportunities for training and education.

Finally, many colleges and universities in New Hampshire have created specific programs or support services for immigrant students. For example, Dartmouth College’s “First-year Student Enrichment Program” provides intensive academic and social support to incoming first-year students who come from low-income backgrounds or are the first in their family to attend college – this includes many immigrant students. Southern New Hampshire University also offers a variety of resources for immigrant students, including English language learning courses, cultural exchange opportunities, and mentorship programs.

These initiatives and programs show that the state of New Hampshire is committed to increasing college access for immigrant students by providing financial assistance, educational resources, and support services. These efforts not only benefit individual students but also contribute to creating a more diverse and inclusive higher education system in the state.

5. How have recent changes in federal immigration policies affected college readiness and enrollment among immigrant students in New Hampshire?


Recent changes in federal immigration policies have had a significant impact on college readiness and enrollment among immigrant students in New Hampshire. These policies include the termination of the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) program, increased enforcement of immigration laws, and proposed changes to the public charge rule.

1. Termination of DACA:

The termination of DACA has had a direct impact on immigrant students in New Hampshire who were brought to the United States as children. These students no longer have access to work permits, making it more difficult for them to finance their education. DACA recipients are also no longer eligible for in-state tuition at public colleges and universities, making higher education financially out of reach for many.

Moreover, the uncertainty surrounding the future of DACA has created a climate of fear and anxiety among immigrant students. Many students are hesitant to disclose their immigration status and may not seek out resources or support that could help them prepare for college.

2. Increased Enforcement:

The Trump administration’s policy of increased enforcement of immigration laws has also had an impact on immigrant students’ readiness and enrollment in college. Under these policies, Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) agents have been given more power to detain and deport individuals suspected of being undocumented immigrants.

This heightened level of fear has caused some immigrant families to avoid certain public places, including schools, which may affect their children’s educational attainment. The increase in arrests and detentions has also affected students directly; some have been separated from family members who were detained or deported, causing emotional distress and potentially affecting their academic performance.

3. Proposed Changes to Public Charge Rule:

The proposed changes to the public charge rule would make it harder for immigrants receiving certain benefits – such as housing assistance or food stamps – to obtain green cards or visas. This change is likely to deter low-income immigrant families from enrolling their children in school or accessing other resources that can help prepare them for college.

Moreover, the new rule may also discourage immigrant students from utilizing financial aid or other resources to help pay for their education, for fear of jeopardizing their immigration status. This could lead to a decrease in college enrollment among this population.

In conclusion, recent changes in federal immigration policies have created significant barriers for immigrant students in New Hampshire, affecting their college readiness and enrollment. These policies have led to increased fear and anxiety among students and families, reduced access to resources and support, and made higher education financially unattainable for many. It is crucial for policymakers and educators to address these challenges and provide necessary support to ensure that all students have equal opportunities to succeed in college regardless of their immigration status.

6. Has there been a noticeable difference in college graduation rates between documented and undocumented immigrant students due to state immigration policies in New Hampshire?


It is difficult to determine the exact impact of state immigration policies on college graduation rates for undocumented immigrant students in New Hampshire. However, there are some factors that may contribute to a potential difference between documented and undocumented immigrant students:

1. Access to financial aid: Undocumented immigrants are not eligible for federal financial aid, including Pell Grants or federal student loans. This restricts their ability to afford college tuition and may result in a lower graduation rate compared to documented immigrants who may have access to these resources.

2. In-state tuition policies: New Hampshire does not have any specific policies regarding in-state tuition for undocumented immigrants. This means that they would likely be charged out-of-state tuition rates, which can significantly increase their overall cost of attendance and make it harder to complete their education.

3. Fear and uncertainty: Undocumented immigrant students often live with the fear of deportation or losing their DACA status, which can lead to mental health issues and hinder their academic performance.

While there is no data available specifically for New Hampshire, a study by the Pew Research Center found that nationwide, only 2% of undocumented immigrants ages 18-24 were enrolled in college in 2016, compared to 7% of all U.S. born individuals in this age group. This suggests a potential gap in college enrollment and completion rates between documented and undocumented immigrant students.

Additionally, state-level immigration policies that create hostile environments for undocumented immigrants can also impact their ability to access higher education opportunities and may discourage them from pursuing a higher education altogether. Therefore, it is possible that state immigration policies could contribute indirectly to a difference in college graduation rates between documented and undocumented immigrant students in New Hampshire.

In conclusion, while there is no explicit data available on the impact of state immigration policies on college graduation rates for undocumented immigrant students in New Hampshire, various factors such as limited access to financial aid, lack of specific tuition policies, fear/uncertainty, and overall hostile climate may indicate a potential difference between documented and undocumented immigrant students.

7. Are there any disparities in college admission rates for different ethnic or racial groups of immigrant students caused by state-level immigration policies in New Hampshire?

Based on current research, there is limited information available specifically on college admission rates for immigrant students in New Hampshire and how state-level immigration policies may impact these rates. However, some studies have shown that restrictive state-level immigration policies can create disparities in college access and enrollment for immigrant students.

For example, a 2012 study from the Center for Immigration Studies found that students from states with anti-immigrant laws were significantly less likely to enroll in college compared to their peers in other states. These laws included measures such as restricting undocumented immigrants’ access to in-state tuition or financial aid.

Another study conducted by the Civil Rights Project at UCLA analyzed data from six different states (including neighboring Massachusetts) and found that restrictive immigration policies negatively impacted high school graduation rates and college enrollment among Latino students.

While there is no specific data available for New Hampshire, these findings suggest that similar disparities could exist among immigrant students in the state due to its restrictive immigration policies.

In addition, the New Hampshire Department of Education’s Office of Data Management has reported significant disparities in educational outcomes between white students and racial/ethnic minority groups such as Black, Hispanic/Latino, and Asian American students. These disparities could potentially be exacerbated for immigrant students if they are also adversely affected by state-level immigration policies.

Overall, further research is needed to fully understand the impact of state-level immigration policies on college admission rates for immigrant students in New Hampshire. However, existing evidence suggests that such policies can create barriers and prevent equal opportunities for higher education among this population.

8. Have state-level sanctuary city movements had a positive or negative impact on the college access of immigrant students within New Hampshire?


It is difficult to determine the exact impact of state-level sanctuary city movements on the college access of immigrant students in New Hampshire, as there are many factors that can affect a student’s ability to access higher education. However, some potential impacts of state-level sanctuary city movements on immigrant student college access could include:

Positive impact:
1. Increased sense of security: Sanctuary city policies may create a sense of safety and security for immigrant students, which can positively impact their mental health and well-being. This could make them more likely to pursue higher education.
2. Improved trust between immigrant communities and local authorities: By limiting cooperation with federal immigration enforcement, sanctuary cities may foster a better relationship between local law enforcement and immigrant communities. This could lead to increased trust and potentially make it easier for undocumented students to report crimes or feel comfortable seeking support from school officials.
3. In-state tuition eligibility: Some state-level sanctuary city movements have also included provisions for offering in-state tuition rates to undocumented students residing in the state, making college more affordable and accessible for these students.

Negative impact:
1. Limited resources: Sanctuary city policies may divert resources away from other community needs, such as funding for education programs or social services that could benefit immigrant students.
2. Increased tensions with non-immigrant residents: State-level sanctuary city movements may also fuel political divisions and increase tensions between those who support and those who oppose these policies. This could create a hostile atmosphere for immigrant students in some areas.
3. Uncertainty about future policies: While state-level sanctuary city movements may provide immediate relief for some undocumented students, there is always the risk of policy changes at the federal or state level that could negate these protections in the future.

Overall, the impact of state-level sanctuary city movements on immigrant student college access within New Hampshire is likely mixed and dependent on various factors such as local attitudes towards immigration, availability of resources, and potential changes in policies at both the federal and state level.

9. In what ways has the lack of access to driver’s licenses for undocumented individuals impacted their ability to attend and succeed in college within New Hampshire?


The lack of access to driver’s licenses for undocumented individuals in New Hampshire has had several impacts on their ability to attend and succeed in college:

1. Limited transportation options: Without a driver’s license, undocumented students are limited in their transportation options. They may have to rely on public transportation, which can be unreliable and may not have routes that are convenient or accessible to their college campus. This can make it difficult for them to get to classes, participate in extracurricular activities, and access resources on campus.

2. Financial burden: Not being able to have a driver’s license can also pose a financial burden on undocumented students. They may have to pay for expensive transportation services or rely on friends or family members for rides, which can be inconvenient and limit their independence.

3. Difficulty commuting from home: Many undocumented students may live with family members who do not have legal status and may not have access to a driver’s license as well. This could result in long commutes using public transportation, which can affect their ability to balance work and school commitments.

4. Limited job opportunities: As most job applications require a valid driver’s license as an identification document, undocumented students without a license may face limitations when applying for jobs that require travel or access to transportation.

5. Stigma and discrimination: The inability to obtain a driver’s license can also create stigmas against undocumented individuals, leading to discrimination and potential isolation on college campuses.

6. Inconvenience obtaining necessary documents: The process of obtaining necessary documents such as transcripts and financial aid forms often requires a valid form of identification, such as a driver’s license. Without one, this process becomes more difficult and time-consuming for undocumented students.

7. Fear of deportation: The fear of being detained or deported while driving without proper documentation is also a major barrier for undocumented individuals seeking education opportunities in New Hampshire. This fear can discourage them from attempting to obtain an education, limiting their opportunities for success.

All of these factors can make it challenging for undocumented students to attend and succeed in college. As a result, they may have difficulties obtaining a degree or achieving their academic and career goals. This lack of access to driver’s licenses not only impacts the individual student but also has broader implications for their families, communities, and the state’s economy as a whole. It is crucial for New Hampshire to address this issue and provide avenues for undocumented individuals to obtain driver’s licenses in order to promote greater educational equity and success.

10. How do state-level language proficiency requirements affect the enrollment and academic success of English Language Learner (ELL) students from immigrant families in colleges throughout New Hampshire?


There is limited research available specific to the state of New Hampshire, but overall, state-level language proficiency requirements can significantly affect the enrollment and academic success of English Language Learner (ELL) students from immigrant families in colleges.

1. Enrollment: State-level language proficiency requirements may act as a barrier for ELL students from immigrant families to enroll in college. These requirements typically require students to demonstrate a certain level of proficiency in the English language in order to be admitted to college. This could be through standardized tests like TOEFL or IELTS, which can be costly and time-consuming. ELL students who come from low-income families may struggle to meet these requirements, leading to lower enrollment rates.

2. Academic Success: Even if ELL students are able to enroll in college, state-level language proficiency requirements can still have an impact on their academic success. These requirements often force students to take remedial English courses before they can start taking regular college courses. This adds extra time and financial burden on these students, affecting their progress towards graduation. Moreover, studies show that ELL students who are required to take remedial courses are less likely to graduate than their non-ELL peers.

3. Unequal Access: State-level language proficiency requirements can create unequal access among ELL students from different backgrounds. For example, a high school student who has studied English as a Second Language (ESL) for several years may have a better chance of meeting these requirements compared to an adult learner who has recently immigrated to the US and had no prior exposure to English education.

4. Limited Support: Many colleges have limited resources and support services for ELL students, making it difficult for them to succeed academically. State-level language proficiency requirements add an additional layer of challenge for these already marginalized populations.

5. Lower Retention Rates: Studies have shown that requiring ELL students to demonstrate English proficiency before enrolling in college leads to lower retention rates. This means that these students are more likely to drop out before completing their degree.

6. Psychological Impact: State-level language proficiency requirements can also have a negative psychological impact on ELL students. It may make them feel that their English skills are not good enough or that they do not belong in college, affecting their self-esteem and motivation to succeed.

In conclusion, state-level language proficiency requirements can be a significant barrier for ELL students from immigrant families to enroll and succeed in college in New Hampshire. These requirements can create unequal access, limit support services, and lead to lower retention rates for these already marginalized students. In order to promote equal opportunities for all students, it is important for colleges and states to consider alternative measures of language proficiency and provide adequate resources and support for ELL students.

11. What efforts are being made at the state level to make higher education more affordable and accessible for low-income immigrant families within New Hampshire?


Several efforts are being made at the state level in New Hampshire to make higher education more affordable and accessible for low-income immigrant families:

1. In-state tuition: In 2004, New Hampshire became one of the first states to pass a law allowing undocumented students to pay in-state tuition rates at public universities and colleges if they attended public high school in the state for at least three years.

2. Access to financial aid: Undocumented students who qualify for in-state tuition are also eligible for state financial aid under the New Hampshire Charitable Foundation Program.

3. Targeted scholarships: Organizations such as Southern New Hampshire Services offer targeted scholarships specifically for immigrant students, including those that provide funding for English language courses and professional development opportunities.

4. Support programs: The University System of New Hampshire offers support programs such as TRIO Student Support Services, which provides academic and personal support services to low-income, first-generation college students, including immigrants.

5. Advocacy and awareness campaigns: Organizations such as the New Hampshire Alliance for Immigrants and Refugees work to advocate for policies that promote access to higher education for low-income immigrant families and raise awareness about resources available to them.

6. Emphasis on diversity and inclusion: Many universities in New Hampshire have initiatives aimed at promoting diversity and inclusion on their campuses, which can include supporting and recruiting students from diverse backgrounds, including low-income immigrant families.

7. Community partnerships: Community organizations often partner with colleges and universities to provide support services, information sessions, workshops, and other resources tailored towards helping low-income immigrant families navigate the higher education process.

8. Credit transfer agreements: Colleges in New Hampshire have established credit transfer agreements with community colleges to help facilitate a smooth transition from a two-year community college program to a four-year university program, making higher education more affordable and accessible for all students, including low-income immigrants.

12. Are there any partnerships between local businesses, community organizations, and colleges that help improve college access for immigrants without legal status within New Hampshire?


Yes, there are several partnerships in New Hampshire that focus on improving college access for immigrants without legal status. These include:

1. The NH Higher Education Assistance Foundation (NHHEAF) Network: This organization works with various community organizations and colleges to provide resources, support, and scholarships to immigrant students, including those without legal status.

2. The Community College System of New Hampshire: The System has formed partnerships with local businesses and community-based organizations to offer workforce training programs for immigrants, including those without legal status.

3. Welcoming All: This is a partnership between the University of New Hampshire and local community organizations that aims to increase college access and success for immigrants without legal status within the state.

4. Education for All Coalition: This coalition is composed of various colleges, community organizations, and immigrant advocacy groups that work together to improve college access for all students regardless of immigration status.

5. NH Alliance for Immigrants & Refugees: This organization partners with local businesses and community organizations to provide mentorship programs, language training, and other resources to help immigrants pursue higher education.

Overall, these partnerships aim to create a welcoming environment for immigrant students without legal status in New Hampshire by providing them with the necessary resources and support to succeed in their educational pursuits.

13. Have there been any instances where restrictive state immigration policies have led to decreased diversity on college campuses within New Hampshire?


There is limited research or data available specifically on the impact of restrictive state immigration policies on campus diversity in New Hampshire. However, it is possible that such policies may have indirectly led to decreased diversity at some colleges and universities in the state.

One potential factor is the decrease in international student enrollment following changes to immigration policies at the federal level, which could impact campus diversity in New Hampshire and across the country. According to a report by NAFSA: Association of International Educators, international student enrollment in the United States declined for the second year in a row in 2018-2019 due to visa delays and denials, stricter immigration policies, and concerns about safety and racism. The report also notes that New England had one of the largest decreases in new international enrollments among all regions in the US.

In addition, state-level policies may also play a role in shaping campus diversity through admission and tuition policies for undocumented students. Due to their immigration status, undocumented students face numerous barriers when trying to access higher education, including limited financial aid options. Some states, like California, have enacted legislation granting undocumented students access to in-state tuition rates and financial aid. However, other states have implemented more restrictive policies that limit educational opportunities for this population.

In New Hampshire, there are no specific laws or protections for undocumented students seeking higher education. In 2012, a state law was passed prohibiting undocumented students from receiving any form of state-funded financial assistance or paying resident tuition rates at public institutions. This policy effectively barred many undocumented students from accessing higher education due to financial barriers.

Overall, while it is challenging to determine direct causation between restrictive state immigration policies and decreased campus diversity, it is possible that these policies may contribute to limiting enrollment of international and undocumented students at some colleges and universities in New Hampshire.

14. Can you discuss how differing tuition policies for non-resident immigrants versus resident immigrants impact their ability to attend public universities within New Hampshire?


The tuition policies for non-resident immigrants versus resident immigrants in New Hampshire can have a significant impact on their ability to attend public universities. Non-resident immigrants are individuals who are not permanent residents or citizens of the United States, while resident immigrants have legal permanent residency status or citizenship.

In most cases, non-resident immigrants are required to pay out-of-state tuition rates at public universities, which can be significantly higher than in-state tuition rates. This means that these students may face financial barriers that prevent them from attending public universities in New Hampshire.
On the other hand, resident immigrants may be eligible for in-state tuition rates, which can greatly reduce the cost of attending university. This makes it more feasible for them to afford higher education and pursue their educational goals.

Furthermore, some state policies may differentiate between resident and non-resident immigrant students who qualify for the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) program. These students are often classified as international students and may face even higher out-of-state tuition rates compared to other non-resident immigrant students. This further limits their access to affordable higher education options in New Hampshire.

Another factor that impacts the ability of both resident and non-resident immigrant students to attend public universities is their eligibility for federal financial aid. While most U.S. citizens and eligible non-citizens have access to federal financial aid, including grants and loans, undocumented students and some DACA recipients are not eligible for this assistance.

Overall, differing tuition policies for immigrant students can create significant gaps in access to education opportunities within New Hampshire. Non-resident immigrants may struggle with high costs of attendance and limitations on federal financial aid, while resident immigrants may still face challenges in qualifying for in-state tuition rates depending on their immigration status. These disparities can create barriers to higher education and limit the potential success of immigrant communities within the state.

15. Is there any research showing a correlation between state-level immigration policies and the enrollment of first-generation immigrant students in New Hampshire?


There is limited research specifically on the correlation between state-level immigration policies and the enrollment of first-generation immigrant students in New Hampshire. However, there is some research that has examined factors related to immigrant student enrollment across different states.

A 2017 study published in Education Policy Analysis Archives looked at state educational contexts and immigrant student enrollment patterns. The study found that states with more favorable policies towards undocumented immigrants had higher rates of enrollment for immigrant students, but this relationship was only significant for Latino immigrant students.

Another study from 2013, published in the Journal of Public Management and Social Policy, explored the relationship between state immigration policies and the educational outcomes of children in immigrant families across various states. The study found that stronger enforcement policies were associated with negative outcomes for these children, including lower enrollment rates in preschool and higher levels of grade retention. However, this study did not specifically focus on first-generation immigrant students.

Overall, there is limited research specifically addressing the relationship between state-level immigration policies and first-generation immigrant student enrollment in New Hampshire. More research is needed to fully understand this relationship.

16. How do federal deportation threats and raids impact college access for undocumented students within New Hampshire?


Federal deportation threats and raids can significantly impact college access for undocumented students in New Hampshire. These actions create a climate of fear and uncertainty among undocumented students and their families, making them hesitant to pursue higher education or enroll in school. Often, these students may also be concerned about the safety and well-being of their family members if they choose to attend college.

Additionally, federal deportation threats and raids can also lead to increased financial instability for undocumented students. They may fear losing access to family support or being unable to work and earn income while in school due to the threat of deportation.

Furthermore, some colleges and universities may have policies that limit or restrict access for undocumented students based on their immigration status. This can make it difficult for these students to find a safe and welcoming environment where they feel supported academically and emotionally.

In New Hampshire specifically, there have been incidents where immigration officials have targeted individuals near college campuses, causing added stress and anxiety for undocumented students. This heightened level of enforcement has also led to an increase in deportations within the state, further impacting undocumented individuals’ fears about pursuing higher education.

Overall, federal deportation threats and raids create significant barriers for undocumented students in New Hampshire seeking to pursue their educational goals. These actions not only affect individual students but also contribute to a larger climate of fear and discrimination that can deter others from seeking higher education opportunities.

17. Have there been any changes to state financial aid policies to support the college aspirations of immigrant students in New Hampshire?

I am currently not able to find any information on specific changes to state financial aid policies in New Hampshire to support the college aspirations of immigrant students. However, the New Hampshire Higher Education Commission does administer the Governor’s Scholarship Program, which provides need-based financial assistance to eligible students from historically underrepresented populations, including immigrant students.

Additionally, the New Hampshire Department of Education offers the Alternative Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA), which allows undocumented or DACA-eligible students to apply for certain forms of federal student aid.

It is important to note that some colleges and universities in New Hampshire may also offer institutional aid or scholarships specifically for immigrant students or Dreamers. It may be worth researching individual schools’ financial aid options for further information.

18. What strategies have colleges in New Hampshire implemented to support and retain immigrant students facing legal obstacles or underrepresented in higher education?


1. Targeted Outreach Programs: Colleges in New Hampshire have implemented outreach programs specifically designed to reach out to immigrant students and their families. These programs focus on building relationships with immigrant communities, providing information about the college application process, financial aid options, and resources available to support their education.

2. Academic and Career Support Services: Many colleges offer a variety of academic support services, such as tutoring, study groups, and mentoring programs for immigrant students. These services are designed to help students succeed academically and feel supported throughout their college journey.

3. Financial Aid and Scholarships: In recognition of the financial barriers faced by many immigrant students, colleges in New Hampshire have implemented specific financial aid programs and scholarship opportunities for these students. This includes scholarships for undocumented students or those with legal barriers to accessing federal aid.

4. Legal Assistance: Some colleges have partnerships with legal aid organizations that provide free or low-cost legal assistance to immigrant students facing legal obstacles. This can include assistance with immigration status issues or navigating the DACA (Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals) program.

5. Culturally Responsive Support: To better support the unique needs of immigrant students, some colleges have implemented cultural competency training for faculty and staff. This helps promote an inclusive environment where students feel comfortable expressing their cultural backgrounds.

6. Mental Health Resources: Immigrant students may face additional stressors due to their legal status or challenges faced by their families. As such, many colleges offer mental health resources including counseling services specifically tailored to meet the needs of immigrant populations.

7. Peer Mentorship Programs: Some colleges offer peer mentorship programs where current student mentors are paired with incoming immigrant students who may benefit from guidance and support from someone who has been through similar experiences.

8. Community Partnerships: Colleges in New Hampshire have also established partnerships with community organizations that serve immigrants, such as refugee resettlement agencies or advocacy groups. These partnerships can provide additional support services and resources to students.

9. Specialized Advising: Some colleges have designated advisors who receive specialized training on how to support immigrant students. These advisors can help students navigate their unique challenges and connect them with resources both on and off campus.

10. Campus Resource Centers: Many colleges have established resource centers that serve as a hub for immigrant students to access information, receive support, and connect with other students from similar backgrounds. These centers may also provide workshops and events tailored to the needs of immigrant communities.

11. Inclusive Admissions Policies: Colleges in New Hampshire have implemented inclusive admissions policies that do not discriminate against applicants based on their immigration status. This ensures that all qualified students have the opportunity to pursue higher education regardless of their legal status.

12. Access to Legal Resources: Some colleges provide access to legal resources through partnerships with local attorneys or law firms who offer pro bono services or discounted rates for immigrant students facing legal issues.

13. Dedicated Scholarships for Immigrant Students: Many colleges in New Hampshire offer scholarships specifically designed for immigrant students, including those with Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) status, international students, or undocumented individuals.

14.Sharing Resources and Information: Colleges have developed online resource guides and webinars providing important information about financial aid, scholarships, legal rights, community organizations and mental health resources available specifically for immigrant populations.

15. Peer Support Programs: Some colleges offer peer-support programs where current student leaders work directly with incoming immigrant students to ease their college transition process by providing information on the academic environment, tips coping skills and cultural adjustment strategies.

16.Language Support Services: Colleges offer language support services such as English language immersion courses which assist non-native speakers improve their English language skills in reading comprehension of academic texts listening comprehension writing presentations giving audio/visual presentations

17.Supporting Undocumented Students Advice – Encouraging institutional best practices,outreach activities keeping records conducting research relevant university policies working closely with various
collegial departments and ethnocultural community groups – talking to them about their experiences and learning from best practices

18.Providing internships, resumes writing workshops, career fairs, and job network information: All academic instruction on campus should help undocumented students procure various educational programs with employment opportunities that lead to a good salary

19. Are there any initiatives or programs at the state level that specifically target improving college access for immigrant women in New Hampshire?

I was unable to find any specific initiatives or programs at the state level in New Hampshire that target improving college access for immigrant women. However, the New Hampshire Higher Education Assistance Foundation (NHHEAF) Network Organization offers resources and support for all students, including immigrant women, as they navigate the college application and financial aid process. They also offer scholarships specifically for undocumented students in New Hampshire.
Additionally, the University System of New Hampshire has an Office of Multicultural Student Affairs that provides support and resources for underrepresented and marginalized student populations, including immigrant women. They offer academic support, leadership development opportunities, and cultural programming.

20. How have state-level Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) policies impacted the college enrollment rates and academic success of eligible students within New Hampshire?


Since New Hampshire is not a state that offers its own version of DACA, there is limited research on the specific impact of state-level policies on college enrollment rates and academic success of eligible students within the state. However, we can examine the effects of federal DACA policy on New Hampshire students.

The DACA program, created by President Obama in 2012, aims to protect certain undocumented immigrants who came to the US as children from deportation and allow them to work legally in the country. To be eligible for DACA, individuals must have arrived in the US before the age of 16, live continuously in the US since June 15, 2007, be enrolled in or completed high school or be honorably discharged veterans of the Coast Guard or Armed Forces and not pose a threat to national security or public safety.

According to data from U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS), as of March 2020, approximately 1500 people have been approved for DACA in New Hampshire. This indicates that there is a considerable population of potential DACA beneficiaries within the state who could potentially benefit significantly from this policy.

The ability to obtain work authorization through DACA has been shown to have positive impacts on individual’s employment prospects and earnings potential. A study conducted by Rice University found that over 80% of surveyed DACA recipients reported being employed after receiving deferred action – almost two-thirds got jobs they considered better than their pre-deferred action jobs. Furthermore, roughly half reported an increase in hourly wages compared with their pre-deferred action job.

Additionally, research has shown that deferred action benefits extend beyond employment opportunities to educational pursuits as well. A study by the Institute for Research on Labor and Employment at UCLA concluded that higher education access dramatically increases for undocumented youth with legal status provided through deferred action programs like DACA. This results particularly show increased enrollment rates into four-year colleges among these students compared with their applications post-DACA eligibility decision.

In conclusion, while there is minimal research on the specific impacts of state-level DACA policies on college enrollment and academic success within New Hampshire, the evidence demonstrates that federal DACA has had positive effects on individuals in similar states. Therefore, it can be assumed that implementing a state-level DACA policy in New Hampshire could potentially lead to increased college enrollment rates and academic success for eligible students within the state.