Naturalization Process Overview

1. What is naturalization?


Naturalization is the process by which a non-citizen of a country can become a citizen of that country and acquire all associated rights, privileges, and responsibilities. This process can differ depending on the country in question, but generally involves an application process followed by an interview and potentially a test of certain requirements.

2. Who can become a U.S. citizen through naturalization?


U.S. citizenship through naturalization is typically available to any individual 18 years of age or older who meets the following criteria: has been a lawful permanent resident for at least five years; has maintained continuous residence in the United States for at least five years; is of good moral character; and can understand, read, write, and speak basic English. Additionally, an applicant must demonstrate knowledge of U.S. history and civics. Additional criteria may apply for asylum seekers, refugees, or individuals serving in the U.S. military.

3. What are the eligibility criteria for naturalization?


To be eligible to apply for naturalization, you must:

1. Be at least 18 years old at the time of filing Form N-400, Application for Naturalization.

2. Be a permanent resident (have a “green card”) for at least 5 years.

3. Have lived within the state, or USCIS district with jurisdiction over the applicant’s place of residence, for at least 3 months prior to the date of filing the application.

4. Prove continuous residence in the United States for at least 5 years immediately preceding the date of filing the application.

5. Prove physical presence in the United States for at least 30 months out of the 5 years immediately preceding the date of filing the application.

6. Demonstrate a basic knowledge of U.S. history and government (civics) and be able to speak, read, and write English (unless you qualify for an exemption or waiver).

7. Demonstrate good moral character during the statutory period (generally 5 years).

8. Be willing to take an Oath of Allegiance to the United States.

4. What are the steps involved in the naturalization process?


The steps involved in the naturalization process are as follows:

1. Determine Eligibility: The first step is to determine if an individual is eligible to become a U.S. citizen through naturalization.

2. Prepare and Submit Form N-400: The second step is to submit Form N-400, Application for Naturalization, to U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS).

3. Attend Biometrics Appointment: The third step is to attend a biometrics appointment, during which USCIS collects fingerprints, photographs, and signatures from the applicant.

4. Attend an Interview: After submitting Form N-400, applicants will receive notification of their naturalization interview appointment. During the interview, applicants will answer questions about their background and their application, take an English and civics test, and have their fingerprints and signature taken again.

5. Receive a Decision: After the interview, USCIS will decide whether or not to approve the application. If approved, applicants will be scheduled for a naturalization ceremony.

6. Take the Oath of Allegiance: During the naturalization ceremony, applicants must recite the Oath of Allegiance and receive their Certificate of Naturalization.

5. How long does it take to complete the naturalization process?


The naturalization process typically takes about 6 months from the time an application is submitted to the time a decision is made. However, processing times may vary depending on the particular circumstances of an individual case.

6. What are the benefits of becoming a U.S. citizen?


The primary benefits of becoming a U.S. citizen include the right to vote, freedom from deportation, eligibility for federal grants and loans, the ability to work in certain government jobs, and access to certain social services. Additionally, U.S. citizens are eligible for U.S. passports, allowing them to travel to other countries with fewer restrictions. It also provides legal protection under U.S. laws, including the right to sue and be sued. Finally, becoming a U.S. citizen grants certain family-based immigration benefits, such as petitioning for certain family members to become permanent residents or citizens as well.

7. What documents do I need to submit for naturalization?


The documents you need to submit for naturalization vary depending on your individual circumstances. Generally, the documents you need to submit include your Form N-400, Application for Naturalization, evidence of residence and physical presence in the U.S., proof of good moral character, a copy of your birth certificate, the required photographs, and other supporting documents.

8. How much does it cost to file for naturalization?


It costs $725 to file for naturalization.

9. What is the N-400 application form?


The N-400 is the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) form used by permanent residents to apply for U.S. citizenship, also known as naturalization.

10. Do I need to take an English and civics test to become a U.S. citizen?


Yes. Applicants for U.S. citizenship must pass an English and civics test to demonstrate a basic understanding of the English language and knowledge of U.S. history and government.

11. What happens after my application is submitted?


Once your application is submitted, the employer will review it and will decide whether they would like to proceed with the hiring process. Depending on the company, you may be contacted for an interview or receive an email or letter informing you that your application has been accepted or rejected.

12. How often do I need to attend my biometrics appointment?


Biometrics appointments are typically required only once, when you apply for or renew your immigration or citizenship benefit.

13. When will I be scheduled for my naturalization interview?


You will be scheduled for your naturalization interview after USCIS has reviewed and approved your Form N-400, Application for Naturalization. USCIS will send you a notice with the time and date of your interview.

14. What do I need to bring to my naturalization interview?


At your naturalization interview, you should bring your Permanent Resident Card (Green Card), any documents that you submitted with your Form N-400, Application for Naturalization, two identical passport-style photographs, and any other documents required by USCIS (U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services). You may also want to bring additional documents that prove your physical presence and moral character during the naturalization eligibility period.

15.What happens after my naturalization interview?


After your naturalization interview, USCIS will either approve or deny your application. If approved, you will receive a notice that states you have been granted U.S. citizenship. You will receive a Certificate of Naturalization and an invitation to take the Oath of Allegiance at a naturalization ceremony. If denied, you will receive a notice that explains why your application was denied and gives instructions on how to appeal the decision.

16. Is there a way to expedite the naturalization process?


Yes, there are certain ways to expedite the naturalization process. For example, individuals who are married to a U.S. citizen can apply for an “expedited naturalization” process, which allows them to become a citizen more quickly. Additionally, individuals who have served in the military can receive expedited naturalization.

17. When will I receive my Certificate of Naturalization?


You will usually receive your Certificate of Naturalization within 2-3 weeks of being naturalized.

18. Are there any special considerations for members of the military and veterans of the armed forces?


Yes, there are a number of special considerations for members of the military and veterans of the armed forces. These include access to educational benefits, housing assistance, employment opportunities, health insurance, disability benefits, tax exemptions, and legal protections. Additionally, many states have laws that provide special benefits for military personnel, veterans, and their families.

19. How long does it take for Green Card holders to become U.S citizens?


It generally takes 5 years for a Green Card holder to become a U.S. citizen as long as they meet certain requirements. After two years of holding a Green Card, they are eligible to apply for naturalization and if approved, must wait an additional three years before they can take the Oath of Allegiance and become a U.S. citizen.

20. Are there any special considerations for children who are applying for naturalization?


Yes, there are special considerations for children who are applying for naturalization. Children who are younger than 18 years old and who meet certain requirements may be eligible to apply for naturalization through their parent(s). Children may also qualify for naturalization if they are adopted by a U.S. citizen parent, or if they are born outside of the United States to U.S. citizen parents who meet certain residency requirements. Additionally, children who are in the United States as refugees or asylees may be eligible for naturalization.